Aphid Biodiversity under Environmental Change

Abstract

Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com) v vi Preface effects on aphid biology, and indirectly through effects on plants and natural enemies. However, any sustained shift in prevailing wind patterns associated with atmospheric warming could generate an unpredictable cascade of ecological consequences for both agriculture and cereal aphids, mediated largely by changes in rainfall patterns and migration pathways, respectively.Qureshi considers the impact of increasing temperature on the aphid species Toxoptera citricida, a cosmopolitan pest of citrus and a highly efficient vector of citrus tristeza virus. He concludes that the negative impact of rising temperatures on T. citricida populations may be more pronounced in the south than elsewhere due to the relatively higher temperatures there, with more beneficial effects evident in the north.Clement et al. investigate the history of pea aphid outbreaks in the U.S. Pacific Northwest. Various abiotic and biotic factors and their possible controlling influence on changes in pea aphid densities, with emphasis on winter temperatures within the context of climate change, are presented and discussed.Dixon and Hopkins study the mechanisms of coexistence of several aphid species on the same host plant. Using data on five species of aphids coexisting on the leaves of birch and indicate that the temporal patterns in their reproductive activity are associated with differences in their thermal tolerances.Roy and Majerus deal with the role of ladybirds in the changing world. They conclude that it is difficult to assess the impact that anthropogenic factors will have on most species of coccinellid but logic suggests that the direct anthropogenic drivers of environmental change, both individually and in concert, will be highly deleterious to all but the most adaptable and eurytopic coccinellids.Aphids have evolved a particular form of inducible anti-predator behaviour that involves the emission of alarm pheromone. Outreman et al. show that alarm signaling in aphids is associated with the ecological cost of attracting additional natural enemies and demonstrate that a full understanding of the evolution of inducible defenses has to consider a species' complete network of ecological interactions.This book fills a significant gap in the recent literature: while there are several books on aphid biology and ecology and their importance as crop pests (Dixon

An assessment of population fluctuations of a hemipteran citrus pest in the northeast of Algeria: A case study from Guelma region

“…The damage of these insects on the tree is important, either directly by their sucking sap or indirectly, as a vector of virus causing viral disease, like in the case of the aphid Toxoptera citricida Kirkaly, 1907 vectoring the causing agent of tristeza (Tang et al, 1999). Therefore, the fight against these pests is important, for this, the knowledge of their population dynamics is essential for the protection of our crops (Kindlmann & Dixon, 2010).…”