Apatite trace element and halogen compositions as petrogenetic-metallogenic indicators: Examples from four granite plutons in the Sanjiang region, SW China

Pan, Li-Chuan; Hu, Ruizhong; Wang, Xinsong; Bi, Xian‐Wu; Zhu, Junjiang; Li, Chusi

doi:10.1016/j.lithos.2016.03.010

Cited by 142 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…I and No. II ore‐bearing porphyries have relatively low Ce N /Ce N * ratios (0.97−1.02 and 0.98−1.02, respectively), which are similar to those magmatic apatites of the Yulong ore‐bearing porphyries (0.98−1.05; Figure a; Huang et al, ), and the Pulang ore‐bearing porphyries (1.00−1.06; Pan et al, ). Apatite MnO content could also as an indicator of the oxidation state (Miles et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Geochemical characteristics and oxidation states of the Xietongmen ore‐bearing porphyries: Implication for the genetic types of the Xietongmen No. I and No. II deposits, southern Tibet

et al. 2019

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The Xietongmen large deposit is the only known subduction-related porphyry Cu deposit in the Gangdese Belt, Tibet, which is composed of the No. I and No. II deposits. Previous work suggests that the No. I deposit is reduced while the No. II deposit is oxidized. However, it is ambiguous that both oxidized and reduced porphyry Cu deposits occur in close proximity, in the same tectonic setting, and within a short time period. Detailed examination of the ages, whole-rock geochemistry, zircon and apatite compositions of the Xietongmen No. I and No. II ore-bearing porphyries are conducted to investigate their magma characteristics and the genetic types of the Xietongmen No. I and No. II deposits. Zircon U-Pb dating results show that the Xietongmen No. I and No. II ore-bearing porphyries formed at 166.3 ± 2.6 Ma and 175.5 ± 1.0 Ma, respectively. The Xietongmen No. I and No. II ore-bearing porphyries have similar mineral assemblage (containing amphibole phenocryst), high Sr/Y ratios and negligible negative Eu anomalies, low Ti-in-zircon temperatures (633−749 and 633−763 C, respectively), which indicate that their magmas are water-rich. In addition, the Xietongmen No. I and No. II ore-bearing porphyries have: (a) high wholerock V/Sc ratios (10−15 and 8−16, respectively); (b) high zircon Ce 4+ /Ce 3+ and Eu N / Eu N * ratios, falling into the field of the ore-bearing intrusions in northern Chile; (c) low apatite Ce N /Ce N * ratios (0.97−1.02 and 0.99−1.02, respectively), which suggest that their magmas are oxidized. The estimated magmatic S contents, based on the magmatic apatite SO 3 contents, yield 0.0113−0.0507 wt% and 0.0012 −0.0118 wt%, respectively for the Xietongmen No. I and No. II ore-bearing porphyries, which suggest their magma are sulfur-rich. Hydrous, oxidized and sulfur-rich magmas are the parent magma of oxidized porphyry Cu deposits, together with the oxidized minerals of hematite and magnetite, therefore, both Xietongmen No. I and No. II deposit are oxidized porphyry Cu deposits, rather than that the Xietongmen No. I deposit is a reduced porphyry Cu deposit. K E Y W O R D S porphyry Cu deposit, zircon, apatite, oxidation state, Xietongmen

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Geochemical characteristics and oxidation states of the Xietongmen ore‐bearing porphyries: Implication for the genetic types of the Xietongmen No. I and No. II deposits, southern Tibet

et al. 2019

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“…Apart from the oxidation state, sthe abundance of halogens, especially fluorine and chlorine, is also of great importance for productive magmas since halogens can effectively complex and transport metals (e.g., gold, copper) (Piccoli and Candela 1994;Coulson et al 2001;Webster et al 2004Webster et al , 2009Mathez and Webster 2005;Pan et al 2016). Numerous studies advocate that Cl-rich systems are more prospective for base and precious metal mineralization than Clbarren ones, indicating that Cl contents might be a potential proxy of the fertility of magmas (e.g., Roegge et al 1974;Piccoli and Candela 2002;Mathez and Webster 2005).…”

Section: Halogen Contents Of Magmasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemical contrasts between Late Triassic ore-bearing and barren intrusions in the Weibao Cu–Pb–Zn deposit, East Kunlun Mountains, NW China: constraints from accessory minerals (zircon and apatite)

et al. 2017

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The Weibao copper-lead-zinc skarn deposit is located in the northern East Kunlun terrane, NW China. Igneous intrusions in this deposit consist of barren diorite porphyry (U-Pb zircon age of 232.0 ± 2.0 Ma) and ore-bearing quartz diorite and pyroxene diorite (U-Pb zircon ages of 223.3 ± 1.5 and 224.6 ± 2.9 Ma, respectively). Whole-rock major and trace element and accessory mineral (zircon and apatite) composition from these intrusions are studied to examine the different geochemical characteristics of orebearing and barren intrusions. Compared to the barren diorite porphyry, the ore-bearing intrusions have higher Ce 4+ /Ce 3+ ratios of zircon and lower Mn contents of apatite, indicating higher oxidation state. Besides, apatite from the ore-bearing intrusions shows higher Cl contents and lower F/Cl ratios. These characteristics collectively suggest the higher productivity of ore-bearing quartz diorite and pyroxene diorite. When compared with ore-bearing intrusions from global porphyry Cu deposits, those from Cu-Pb-Zn skarn deposits display lower Ce 4+ /Ce 3+ and Eu N /Eu N * ratios of zircon and lower Cl and higher F/Cl ratios of apatite. We conclude that these differences reflect a general geochemical feature, and that zircon and apatite composition is a sensitive tool to infer economic potential of magmas and the resulting mineralization types in intrusion-related exploration targets.

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“…Besides, it can remain intact in host rocks during strong weathering and alteration. Therefore, apatite crystallized in ore-related intrusive rocks in deposits is served as an excellent indicator for the magmatic evolution (Chu et al, 2009;Mao et al, 2016;Bruand et al, 2020), the oxidation state of the early hydrothermal system (Pan et al, 2016;Qian et al, 2019;Sun et al, 2019) and magma sourcing (Jia et al, 2020;Zafar et al, 2020) during the mineralization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Petrogenetic and metallogenic implications of the Late Mesozoic intrusive rocks in the Xuancheng ore district, eastern China: insight from in situ analysis of apatite

Yang

Lu³

et al. 2021

Geosci J

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The Xuancheng ore district is a newly discovered ore district within the Middle-Lower Yangtze River Metallogenic Belt (MYRMB) of Eastern China. Here we investigated the major and trace element concentrations of apatite crystallizes in ore-related intrusions from three skarn deposits with distinctive metal endowments in this region to further reveal their implications for petrogenesis, metallogenesis, and potential for polymetallic mineralization. The studied apatite samples identified as fluorapatite, display identical contents of F (2.04-3.25 wt%), whereas distinctive variations of Cl (0.04-1.42 wt%). The different correlations between Sr contents and (La/ Yb) N , (La/Sm) N , and (Sm/Yb) N reflect the differentiation process of the magma evolution in the Xuancheng area. Furthermore, the negative Eu/Eu* and Ce/Ce* correlation, and high log fO 2 values (-10.02 to -17.40) of apatite studied, further indicate more oxidized and moderate oxidized environments. Apatite chemistry is characterized by LREE enriched patterns and has high (La/Yb) N ratios with a moderate negative Eu anomaly, suggesting that these plutons originated from enriched mantle mixing with various degrees of crustal components. Meanwhile, the visible differences in apatites among skarn Cu fertile, Cu-Mo fertile, and Cu-W fertile plutons were attributed to distinctive source affinities that ultimately control their metal endowments. Also, our study demonstrates that the Cl, F/Cl, and Eu/Eu* ratios in apatite can act as powerful pointers for ore varieties and mineral exploration.

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Apatite trace element and halogen compositions as petrogenetic-metallogenic indicators: Examples from four granite plutons in the Sanjiang region, SW China

Cited by 142 publications

References 81 publications

Geochemical characteristics and oxidation states of the Xietongmen ore‐bearing porphyries: Implication for the genetic types of the Xietongmen No. I and No. II deposits, southern Tibet

Geochemical characteristics and oxidation states of the Xietongmen ore‐bearing porphyries: Implication for the genetic types of the Xietongmen No. I and No. II deposits, southern Tibet

Geochemical contrasts between Late Triassic ore-bearing and barren intrusions in the Weibao Cu–Pb–Zn deposit, East Kunlun Mountains, NW China: constraints from accessory minerals (zircon and apatite)

Petrogenetic and metallogenic implications of the Late Mesozoic intrusive rocks in the Xuancheng ore district, eastern China: insight from in situ analysis of apatite

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