Aortitis

Abstract

Aortitis encompasses all conditions, infectious or non-infectious, leading to different types of inflammation of the aortic wall. The clinical manifestations are usually nonspecific, as are laboratory findings, and sometimes may mimic other diseases. Imaging modalities can help in the assessment of these patients and are often required for making the final diagnosis. It is extremely important to establish an early diagnosis in order to treat timely potentially life-threatening conditions. Anti-inflammatory drugs, antibiotics, sometimes in combination with surgical or endovascular therapies, are proposed according to etiology and disease severity. This review focuses on the classification, epidemiology, diagnostic approach, and management of aortitis with which physicians should be familiar.

Aortitis: A new feature of Schnitzler syndrome

“…The patient didn't have headaches or arthralgias or visual disturbance; pulses were normal. The clinical features of aortitis are mostly nonspecific: abdominal pain or general impairment associated with biological inflammatory syndrome 5 . Whatever the underlying cause, 18 F-FDG PET/CT scan is an effective imaging tool for diagnosis and therapeutic management of patients with large-vessel vasculitis 6 .…”

“…Whatever the underlying cause, 18 F-FDG PET/CT scan is an effective imaging tool for diagnosis and therapeutic management of patients with large-vessel vasculitis 6 . Aortitis is a severe often life-threatening disease that can lead to severe aneurysm or arterial thrombosis depending on the underlying cause 5 . Noninfectious aortitis is prevalent and mostly caused by large-vessel vasculitis such as giant cell arteritis or Takayasu disease but also other entities such as Behçet disease or IgG4-related disease 5 .…”

“…Aortitis is a severe often life-threatening disease that can lead to severe aneurysm or arterial thrombosis depending on the underlying cause 5 . Noninfectious aortitis is prevalent and mostly caused by large-vessel vasculitis such as giant cell arteritis or Takayasu disease but also other entities such as Behçet disease or IgG4-related disease 5 . Behçet disease and Takayasu disease share with Schnitzler syndrome a strong autoinflammatory background.…”

Infective abdominal aortitis due to <i>Campylobacter fetus </i>bacteremia: A case report and review of literature

“…On the other hand, infective abdominal aortitis is most frequently caused by Gram-negative bacilli, most commonly the Salmonella species (1). Campylobacter has been reported to cause infective abdominal aortitis in a few case reports (3)(4)(5)(6)(7). Patients with underlying chronic debilitating illness, e.g., diabetes, thalassemias, malignancy, cardiac conditions, or cirrhosis, are at increased risk for C. fetus bloodstream infections (8).…”

“…The most common microorganisms causing IA are Staphylococcus, Enterococcus, Streptococcus, and Salmonella species (2). Cases of aortitis due to Mycobacterium tuberculosis have been observed in developing countries (3). Campylobacter fetus (C. fetus), a gram-negative bacilli has mostly been associated with endovascular and valve infections (4).…”