Anxiety does not affect the antinociceptive effect of Δ9-THC in mice: participation of cannabinoid and opioid receptors

Takahashi, Reinaldo Ν.; Ramos, Geraldo A; Assini, Fabrício Luiz

doi:10.1016/s0091-3057(03)00151-5

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Further, the use of a CB1 receptor antagonist has been found to fully reverse the effects of THC [41]. However, other non-CB1 receptors are also believed to be involved including serotonin 5-HT1A receptors [42] and the opioid system [20,43,44]. There has also been research in recent years to determine the neural site at which these interactions take place.…”

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confidence: 99%

Cannabis, a cause for anxiety? A critical appraisal of the anxiogenic and anxiolytic properties

et al. 2020

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Background Cannabis has been documented for use in alleviating anxiety. However, certain research has also shown that it can produce feelings of anxiety, panic, paranoia and psychosis. In humans, Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) has been associated with an anxiogenic response, while anxiolytic activity has been attributed mainly to cannabidiol (CBD). In animal studies, the effects of THC are highly dose-dependent, and biphasic effects of cannabinoids on anxiety-related responses have been extensively documented. A more precise assessment is required of both the anxiolytic and anxiogenic potentials of phytocannabinoids, with an aim towards the development of the ‘holy grail’ in cannabis research, a medicinally-active formulation which may assist in the treatment of anxiety or mood disorders without eliciting any anxiogenic effects. Objectives To systematically review studies assessing cannabinoid interventions (e.g. THC or CBD or whole cannabis interventions) both in animals and humans, as well as recent epidemiological studies reporting on anxiolytic or anxiogenic effects from cannabis consumption. Method The articles selected for this review were identified up to January 2020 through searches in the electronic databases OVID MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, and PsycINFO. Results Acute doses of CBD were found to reduce anxiety both in animals and humans, without having an anxiogenic effect at higher doses. Epidemiological studies tend to support an anxiolytic effect from the consumption of either CBD or THC, as well as whole plant cannabis. Conversely, the available human clinical studies demonstrate a common anxiogenic response to THC (especially at higher doses). Conclusion Based on current data, cannabinoid therapies (containing primarily CBD) may provide a more suitable treatment for people with pre-existing anxiety or as a potential adjunctive role in managing anxiety or stress-related disorders. However, further research is needed to explore other cannabinoids and phytochemical constituents present in cannabis (e.g. terpenes) as anxiolytic interventions. Future clinical trials involving patients with anxiety disorders are warranted due to the small number of available human studies.

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confidence: 99%

Cannabis, a cause for anxiety? A critical appraisal of the anxiogenic and anxiolytic properties

et al. 2020

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“…THC has shown to exert an antinociceptive effect in a wide range of preclinical acute nociception tests as the acetic acid model (Booker et al, 2009), tail flick test (Mason et al, 1999) or paw pressure test (Smith et al, 1998;Tseng and Craft, 2001), and also in chronic pain assays as inflammatory pain (Moss and Johnson, 1980;Takahashi et al, 2003), arthritic pain (Cox et al, 2007) or neuropathic pain (De Vry et al, 2004). Now, we show the effect of THC in two models of muscle pain and to our knowledge the results from this study are the first to demonstrate the efficacy of THC in animal models of acute muscle pain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Involvement of central and peripheral cannabinoid receptors on antinociceptive effect of tetrahydrocannabinol in muscle pain

Bagüés

Martı́n

Sánchez

2014

European Journal of Pharmacology

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“…Despite the hypothesis that the degree of anxiety may contribute to the perception of and response to the noxious stimulus, both anxious and nonanxious animals displayed comparable formalin-evoked biphasic nociceptive profiles. Systemic pretreatment with Δ 9 -THC elicited an analgesic effect in both groups of animals, an effect blocked by systemic pretreatment with a CB 1 receptor antagonist, rimonabant ( Takahashi et al, 2003 ). These data suggested that the endocannabinoid system (and in particular the CB 1 receptor) may represent a potential treatment strategy for inflammatory pain in the presence and/or absence of anxiety and possibly other neuropsychiatric disorders.…”

Section: The Role Of the Endocannabinoid System In Depression-pain Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite numerous reports of altered endocannabinoid signaling in various animal models of pain ( Lim et al, 2003 ; Zhang et al, 2003 ; Walczak et al, 2005 ; Mitrirattanakul et al, 2006 ) and mood-related behavior ( Vinod et al, 2012 ; Marco et al, 2014 ; Navarria et al, 2014 ), there is limited direct evidence available identifying alterations in endocannabinoid function in animal models of coexistent depressive and pain behavior ( Tables 2 and 3 ). One of the first studies examining the role of the endocannabinoid system in the interaction between affect and pain was conducted by Takahashi and colleagues (2003) . In this study, outbred Swiss-albino mice were stratified into groups of anxious and nonanxious animals as determined by behavioral responses in the elevated plus maze, before subsequent exposure to intraplantar formalin administration ( Takahashi et al, 2003 ).…”

Section: The Role Of the Endocannabinoid System In Depression-pain Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the first studies examining the role of the endocannabinoid system in the interaction between affect and pain was conducted by Takahashi and colleagues (2003) . In this study, outbred Swiss-albino mice were stratified into groups of anxious and nonanxious animals as determined by behavioral responses in the elevated plus maze, before subsequent exposure to intraplantar formalin administration ( Takahashi et al, 2003 ). Despite the hypothesis that the degree of anxiety may contribute to the perception of and response to the noxious stimulus, both anxious and nonanxious animals displayed comparable formalin-evoked biphasic nociceptive profiles.…”

Section: The Role Of the Endocannabinoid System In Depression-pain Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High Times for Painful Blues: The Endocannabinoid System in Pain-Depression Comorbidity

Fitzgibbon

Finn

Roche³

2015

IJNPPY

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Depression and pain are two of the most debilitating disorders worldwide and have an estimated cooccurrence of up to 80%. Comorbidity of these disorders is more difficult to treat, associated with significant disability and impaired health-related quality of life than either condition alone, resulting in enormous social and economic cost. Several neural substrates have been identified as potential mediators in the association between depression and pain, including neuroanatomical reorganization, monoamine and neurotrophin depletion, dysregulation of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis, and neuroinflammation. However, the past decade has seen mounting evidence supporting a role for the endogenous cannabinoid (endocannabinoid) system in affective and nociceptive processing, and thus, alterations in this system may play a key role in reciprocal interactions between depression and pain. This review will provide an overview of the preclinical evidence supporting an interaction between depression and pain and the evidence supporting a role for the endocannabinoid system in this interaction.

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Anxiety does not affect the antinociceptive effect of Δ9-THC in mice: participation of cannabinoid and opioid receptors

Cited by 4 publications

References 30 publications

Cannabis, a cause for anxiety? A critical appraisal of the anxiogenic and anxiolytic properties

Cannabis, a cause for anxiety? A critical appraisal of the anxiogenic and anxiolytic properties

Involvement of central and peripheral cannabinoid receptors on antinociceptive effect of tetrahydrocannabinol in muscle pain

High Times for Painful Blues: The Endocannabinoid System in Pain-Depression Comorbidity

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