Anxiety and Depression Prevalence and Risk Factors Among Patients With Cardiovascular Diseases in Post-COVID-19 China

Abstract

Objective: Data are limited on the psychological disorders of patients with cardiovascular disease during the post-COVID-19 period, although mental health status is associated with morbidity and mortality. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of anxiety and depression and risk factors among patients with cardiovascular disease in the post-pandemic period.Method: A cross-sectional survey was conducted through opportunistic and snowball sampling in southeast China from 10 October to 24 November. Anxiety and depression were assessed on the hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS).Results: A total of 435 patients with hypertension (48.05%), atrial fibrillation (17.24%), coronary artery disease (14.48%), heart failure (9.89%) and other heart diseases (10.34%) completed the survey. Interestingly, most patients reported monthly income comparable to (90.11%) or even greater than (8.51%) pre-pandemic income. The occurrence of anxiety and depression was 11.72 and 9.20%, respectively. Marital status and treatment interruption during the pandemic were independent risk factors for both anxiety and depression. Moreover, current monthly income and access to telemedicine during the pandemic were independent risk factors for anxiety.Conclusion: Patients with cardiovascular disease may experience anxiety and depression not only because of disease complications but also because of the effects of the pandemic. In facing the global challenge posed by the coronavirus, efforts should be made to improve patients' psychological well-being in the management of populations with cardiovascular disease.

Investigation of the Sleep Quality Among Hospitalized Cardiovascular Patients Using Regression Models and Qualitative Comparative Analysis

“…In the fsQCA model, depression is identified as a conditional variable that predict the level of sleep quality. Our findings are consistent with recent studies which suggested sociodemographic factors and internal factors such as depression are strong predictors of sleep quality (Ma et al, 2020; Wu et al, 2022; Zhang et al, 2022). In general, the results of both methods (regression and fsQCA model) indicated that gender, age, and depression level are strong predictors of patients’ sleep quality.…”

“…Current international guidelines recommend the use of Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9) and the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7) to screen for depressive and anxious symptoms. A 2022 survey showed that among Chinese CVD patients, the occurrence of anxiety and depression was 11.72% and 9.2%, respectively (Wu et al, 2022). Depressive and anxious symptoms can be expressed differently in different populations around the world.…”

Adverse Impacts of Temporomandibular Disorders Symptoms and Tooth Loss on Psychological States and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life During the COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown

“…Many countries adopted a policy of lockdown aiming to decelerate the contagion, which subsequently made dramatical changes of the daily lifestyle of the residents, and negatively influenced the mental health of individuals (19,20). Recent studies implicated that outbreak of COVID-19 was supposed to cause emotional disorders, cognition dysfunction, behavioral disturbance and impaired quality of life, especially in population with psychosomatic diseases such as coronary heart disease, irritable bowel disease and psoriasis, in whom psychological distress and somatic diseases could mutually influence one another (21)(22)(23)(24). Regarding dentistry, most of the studies indicated adverse effects of COVID-19 on psycho-emotional status (stress, anxiety, depression), which lead to the intensification of TMD symptoms and increased orofacial pain (OFP) (25).…”

Social and psychological risk factors for decreased adherence among patients with atrial fibrillation

“…Распространенность психоэмоциональных расстройств среди пациентов с ФП значительна и по некоторым данным превышает 30% [33]. При этом к наиболее распространенным среди пациентов с ФП относятся депрессивные (до 38%) и тревожные (до 35%) нарушения, а также тяжелые психические расстройства (шизофрения, биполярное аффективное расстройство) -до 15-18% [34][35][36].…”