Anxiety and Depression are More Prevalent in Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma Than in Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma

Abstract

Significant differences were found between primary glaucoma patients and normal controls in psychiatric questionnaires, whereas the level of anxiety and depression was found to be significantly higher in PACG patients than in POAG patients and controls.

Glaucoma, Depression and Quality of Life: Multiple Comorbidities, Multiple Assessments and Multidisciplinary Plan Treatment

“…The prevalence of depression was often higher in the patients with severe ophthalmological disturbances (glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, proliferative diabetic retinopathy and cataract) in the study of Pop-Jordanova (PopJordanova et al 2014) which is consistent with the study of Skalicky and Goldberg (Skalicky & Goldberg 2008). In addition the level of depression was found higher in the elderly population which is in coincidence with both the above mentioned studies ( The two papers from this review reported comorbidity of specific type of glaucoma and depression (Cumurcu et al 2006, Kong et al 2015. The study of Cumurcu et al, discussed the association of pseudoexfoliative glaucoma (PXG) and depression (Cumurcu et al 2006).…”

“…The same study showed no significant differences in the anxiety scale comparing PXG or POAG group respectively, and the control groups. The higher level of depression was associated with the patients with primary angle closer glaucoma (PACG) in contrast to patients with POAG and control group in the study of Kong et al (Kong et al 2015). Both studies compared POAG with other types of glaucoma and both studies showed that patients with POAG were less depressed.…”

“…The responses are ranked according to the frequency of symptoms in the past several days (Kong et al 2015). …”

Assessment of Depression, Anxiety, and Quality of Life in Singaporean Patients With Glaucoma

“…This is in contrast with a Chinese study, which concluded that the levels of anxiety and depression were significantly higher in PACG patients than in POAG patients. 24 We believe that this may be due to the improvement in awareness of glaucoma in Singapore, resulting in PACG patients presenting earlier to seek treatment, 25 thus preventing the disease from progressing to a more severe stage and hence possibly delaying the onset of psychiatric comorbidities.…”

The Prevalence of Depression and Depressive Symptoms among Eye Disease Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

“…The progressive vision loss caused by age-related macular degeneration (AMD)7, cataract10 or glaucoma11 constitutes a major source of disability; the chronic ocular discomforts induced by dry eye disease (DED)12 or inflammatory disorders8 may be related to the deteriorating mode status as well. Timely and effectively detection of the psychological changes will contribute to management of ocular symptoms, improvement of life quality, and also, maintaining peaceful communications between physicians and patients.…”