Anxiety and Depression Among Transgender People: Findings from a Cross-Sectional Online Survey in Russia

Чумаков, Егор; Ashenbrenner, Yulia; Петрова, Н. Н.; Застрожин, М. С.; Azarova, Larisa A.; Лиманкин, О. В.

doi:10.1089/lgbt.2020.0464

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Across the world, a large number of studies detail the challenges TGD people face in their lives, and the impact on their health and well-being (e.g., Aurat Foundation, 2016 ; Bhattacharya & Ghosh, 2020 ; Chumakov et al., 2021 ; Coleman et al., 2018 ; Heylens, Elaut et al., 2014 ; Human Rights Watch, 2014 ; James et al, 2016 ; Lee, Operario et al., 2020 ; Luz et al., 2022 ; McNeil et al., 2012 , 2013 ; Motmans et al., 2017 ; Muller et al., 2019; Scandurra et al., 2017 ; Strauss et al., 2019; Suen et al., 2017; Valashany & Janghorbani, 2019; Veale et al., 2019 ; Wu et al., 2017 ). The research shows TGD people often experience stigma and prejudice as well as discrimination and harassment, abuse and violence, or they live in anticipation and fear of such actions.…”

Section: Chapter 2 Global Applicabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Standards of Care for the Health of Transgender and Gender Diverse People, Version 8

Coleman

Radix

Bouman

et al. 2022

International Journal of Transgender Health

980

492

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Background: Transgender healthcare is a rapidly evolving interdisciplinary field. In the last decade, there has been an unprecedented increase in the number and visibility of transgender and gender diverse (TGD) people seeking support and gender-affirming medical treatment in parallel with a significant rise in the scientific literature in this area. The World Professional Association for Transgender Health (WPATH) is an international, multidisciplinary, professional association whose mission is to promote evidence-based care, education, research, public policy, and respect in transgender health. One of the main functions of WPATH is to promote the highest standards of health care for TGD people through the Standards of Care (SOC). The SOC was initially developed in 1979 and the last version (SOC-7) was published in 2012. In view of the increasing scientific evidence, WPATH commissioned a new version of the Standards of Care, the SOC-8. Aim: The overall goal of SOC-8 is to provide health care professionals (HCPs) with clinical guidance to assist TGD people in accessing safe and effective pathways to achieving lasting personal comfort with their gendered selves with the aim of optimizing their overall physical health, psychological well-being, and self-fulfillment. Methods: The SOC-8 is based on the best available science and expert professional consensus in transgender health. International professionals and stakeholders were selected to serve on the SOC-8 committee. Recommendation statements were developed based on data derived from independent systematic literature reviews, where available, background reviews and expert opinions. Grading of recommendations was based on the available evidence supporting interventions, a discussion of risks and harms, as well as the feasibility and acceptability within different contexts and country settings. Results: A total of 18 chapters were developed as part of the SOC-8. They contain recommendations for health care professionals who provide care and treatment for TGD people. Each of the recommendations is followed by explanatory text with relevant references. General areas related to transgender health are covered in the chapters Terminology, Global Applicability, Population Estimates, and Education. The chapters developed for the diverse population of TGD people include Assessment of Adults, Adolescents, Children, Nonbinary, Eunuchs, and Intersex Individuals, and people living in Institutional Environments. Finally, the chapters related to gender-affirming treatment are Hormone Therapy, Surgery and Postoperative Care, Voice and Communication, Primary Care, Reproductive Health, Sexual Health, and Mental Health. Conclusions: The SOC-8 guidelines are intended to be flexible to meet the diverse health care needs of TGD people globally. While adaptable, they offer standards for promoting optimal health care and guidance for t...

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Section: Chapter 2 Global Applicabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Standards of Care for the Health of Transgender and Gender Diverse People, Version 8

Coleman

Radix

Bouman

et al. 2022

International Journal of Transgender Health

980

492

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…There were no statistically significant differences between transgender males, transgender women, or other transgender identities in terms of the frequency of anxiety and depression.The sample's mean ratings for anxiety and sadness were statistically significantly higher than those of the entire Russian population (p 0.001). Findings from the study showed that vocal identity, vocal function, and anxiety and avoidance all had mean values of 22.22 (SD 7.81) or higher, supporting the claim that transgender people experience anxiety and avoidance from society 9 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Perception of Transgenders Regarding Voice Quality, Gender Identity, Anxiety and Avoidance

Bukhari¹,

Butt²,

Khalid³

et al. 2022

PJMHS

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Background: Any person who deviates from the social norm of binary gender is considered to be transgender. People who identify as transgender do not fit the gender assigned to them at birth. Aim: To determine the perception of transgender regarding voice quality, gender identity, anxiety and avoidance. Methodology: Cross sectional study was conducted in Multan transgender community. Convenience sampling technique was used. Sample size was N=83 calculated by online sample size calculator. After the inclusion and exclusion criteria a demographic Performa, TVQMtF, TVQFtM Performa was used. Results: Male to Female n= 78 mean value 27.64±7.91and Female to Male n=05 mean value 25.20±9.25. Male to female with mean value of anxiety and avoidance, gender identity and voice quality, 22.22±7.81, 17.02±4.71, 22.68±6.14 respectively.Female to male with mean value of anxiety and avoidance, gender identity and voice quality, 21.40±7.66, 15.00 ±6.32, 20.40±7.86. Conclusion: Both trans men and trans women participants experience larger levels of anxiety and avoidance, gender identification, and vocal quality difficulties. Keywords: Transgender persons, Voice Quality, Anxiety, Depression, Gender dysphoria

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“…Cross-cultural research found that Russian gay and bisexual men reported significantly higher levels of depression and suicidality (Pachankis et al, 2021) as well as verbal and physical violence (Petrou & Lemke, 2018; Sattler & Lemke, 2019) than gay and bisexual men from Western European countries. Using a sample of Russian transgender people, Chumakov et al (2021) found that more than one-third of transwomen and almost half of transmen showed clinically relevant levels of anxiety and/or depression. Kumchenko et al (2020) found that transgender people, especially those without gender affirming hormonal and/or surgical treatment, reported significantly lower levels of well-being than cisgender people.…”

Section: Minority Stress Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Minority stress among Russian lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender people in young and middle adulthood: Associations with internalizing and externalizing mental health problems.

Kranz,

Arontschik,

Osin

2023

Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity

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minority stress and mental health in Russian lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) people in young and middle adulthood (18-50 years; N = 1,127). The online survey included measures of feared and experienced everyday discrimination, internalized stigmatization, and identity nondisclosure (minority stress indicators) as well as measures of anxiety and depression (internalizing mental health problems) and substance misuse and sexual risk behavior (externalizing mental health problems). Minority group (lesbian/gay vs. bisexual vs. transgender), gender identity (female vs. male vs. nonbinary), and age accounted for relatively little variance (6% at maximum) in minority stress and mental health, except for two variables, experience of discrimination (11% of variance explained; highest rates among transgender persons) and sexual risk behavior (22% of variance explained; highest rates among gay men). Feared and experienced discrimination showed the strongest associations with internalizing problems, while internalized stigmatization was, at a lower level, equally related to internalizing and externalizing problems. Identity nondisclosure showed a relatively weak and ambivalent association with mental health problems. Taken together, the minority stress variables explained 26% of variance in anxiety and 16% of variance in depression, but only 3% in substance misuse and sexual risk behavior. The results are compared to those of previous research stemming from Western cultural contexts. Implications for public health policy and mental health care for Russian LGBT people are discussed. Public Significance StatementThis research examined associations between minority stress and mental health problems in Russian lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender people. Strongest associations were between discrimination and internalizing problems (depression and anxiety). Internalized stigmatization showed equally strong associations with internalizing and externalizing problems (the latter indicated by substance misuse and sexual risk behavior). The association between identity disclosure and mental health was only weak and ambivalent.

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Anxiety and Depression Among Transgender People: Findings from a Cross-Sectional Online Survey in Russia

Cited by 10 publications

References 39 publications

Standards of Care for the Health of Transgender and Gender Diverse People, Version 8

Standards of Care for the Health of Transgender and Gender Diverse People, Version 8

Perception of Transgenders Regarding Voice Quality, Gender Identity, Anxiety and Avoidance

Minority stress among Russian lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender people in young and middle adulthood: Associations with internalizing and externalizing mental health problems.

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