Anwendungstechnologie Aluminium

Ostermann, Friedrich

doi:10.1007/978-3-662-05788-9

Cited by 105 publications

(96 citation statements)

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“…The alloy system Al-Cu has important applications as highstrength light-weight material for the fuselage in aviation (Al-Cu-Mg, Al-Cu-Li), as lean Cu alloys (Al-Mg-Cu) in automotive applications and as cast alloys (Al-Si-Cu) for engine blocks in the transport sector. [1] Without a second alloying element, the structure-property relationship is to a large extent determined by size, distribution, and the crystal structure of the main hardening precipitates, that is, Guinier-Preston Zones (GP-II)/θ 00 (Al 3 Cu) and θ 0 -phase (Al 2 Cu). [2] Small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) is a versatile tool to determine the size and also the morphology of precipitates having significant different electron densities compared to the aluminium matrix.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Precipitation Behavior in High‐Purity Aluminium Alloys with Trace Elements – The Role of Quenched‐in Vacancies

Lotter¹,

Muehle

Elsayed

et al. 2018

Physica Status Solidi (a)

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The main mechanism for the strengthening of aluminium‐copper alloys of the 2xxx type is hardening by copper‐rich precipitates. However, their size, distribution, and crystal structure determine the final mechanical properties of the material. It has been shown that alloying additionally small amounts of cadmium, indium, or tin influences the precipitation behavior as well as the final strength of Al‐Cu alloys. The binding energy of quenched‐in vacancies to trace elements in the aluminium matrix is recognized as an influence on the diffusion behavior of the copper atoms and thus the preferred type of precipitate changes. A precondition for this influence is the transition of trace elements into solid solution during the solution heat treatment. In the present work, solubility and interaction with quenched‐in vacancies is analyzed for the elements In, Sn, Sb, Bi, and Pb in high‐purity binary alloys using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) as well as scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM, TEM). The results confirm on one hand literature data and deliver on the other hand new structural details. A subsequent anneal at moderate temperature leads to finely distributed precipitations on the nanoscale.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Precipitation Behavior in High‐Purity Aluminium Alloys with Trace Elements – The Role of Quenched‐in Vacancies

Lotter¹,

Muehle

Elsayed

et al. 2018

Physica Status Solidi (a)

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“…The alloy system Al-Cu has important applications as highstrength light-weight material for the fuselage in aviation (Al-Cu-Mg, Al-Cu-Li) and as cast-alloys (Al-Si-Cu) for engine blocks in the transport sector. [1] Without the second alloying element, the structure-property relationship is to a large extent determined by size, distribution and the crystal structure of the main hardening precipitates, that is, Guinier-Preston zones (GP-II)/θ 00 (Al 3 Cu) and θ 0 (Al 2 Cu). [2] However, adding trace elements like cadmium (Cd), indium (In) or tin (Sn) in small amounts of 100-500 ppm to these alloys can significantly improve their strength during artificial aging at moderate temperatures (100-200 C), while aging at room temperature is largely suppressed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Trace Elements (In, Sn) on the Hardening Process of Al–Cu Alloys

Lotter

Petschke

Staab

et al. 2018

Physica Status Solidi (a)

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Adding trace elements (Cd, In, Sn) to Al‐Cu‐based alloys can significantly improve their strength by the growth of small and finely distributed θ′ precipitates. However, the underlying atomic mechanisms of their nucleation are so far only superficially understood. We follow the precipitation process, that is changes in the microstructure, by different methods: differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), giving information on formation and dissolution of precipitates, 3D atom probe tomography (3DAP), giving information on size and density of precipitates and finally, positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS), being sensitive especially to quenched‐in vacancies and their interaction with alloying elements. By the use of these complementary methods we obtain information on vacancy binding to the alloying elements and also on structure, kind and distribution of precipitates while correlating this with hardness measurements.

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“…Table 1 compares some average thermophysical and mechanical properties [2,3]. The heat conductivity of aluminium alloys is about three times of that of steels, the heat capacity of aluminium alloys is about two times of that of steels and the density of aluminium alloys is about one third of that of steels.…”

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confidence: 99%

Similarities and differences in heat treatment simulation of aluminium alloys and steels

Keßler

Reich²

2009

Materialwissenschaft Werkst

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Aluminium alloys are nowadays applied in light weight constructions of many areas, e.g. transportation. Several manufacturing technologies are used in production chains of aluminium components. For improvements in strength heat treatments are carried out with aluminium alloys (precipitation hardening) as well as with steels (martensitic hardening). Besides the intended microstructures and properties, dimension and shape changes as well as residual stresses of the components are heat treatment results. Simulation tools based on the finite element method help to predict heat treatment results without extensive tests. Among other inputs one necessary pre‐requisite is a detailed database for the material. This database must contain the fundamental material parameters like heat conductivity, specific heat capacity, density, thermal expansion coefficient, modulus of elasticity, Poisson´s ratio and strain hardening, all of them depending on phases and temperature. Further, models for phase transformations and precipitation processes must be implemented. For steels heat treatment simulations of complex components are already possible. Some heat treatment parameters and material parameters of steels and aluminium alloys differ significantly. Aluminium alloys usually exhibit lower solution annealing temperatures, higher cooling rates, higher heat conductivity, higher thermal expansion coefficient, lower modulus of elasticity and lower strength. Further, the material database is partially missing for aluminium alloys, especially precipitation models. Exemplarily heat treatment simulations focused on the material parameters of aluminium alloys will be presented and similarities as well as differences compared to steels will be discussed.

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Anwendungstechnologie Aluminium

Cited by 105 publications

References 0 publications

Precipitation Behavior in High‐Purity Aluminium Alloys with Trace Elements – The Role of Quenched‐in Vacancies

Precipitation Behavior in High‐Purity Aluminium Alloys with Trace Elements – The Role of Quenched‐in Vacancies

The Influence of Trace Elements (In, Sn) on the Hardening Process of Al–Cu Alloys

Similarities and differences in heat treatment simulation of aluminium alloys and steels

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