Anuran development: A reinvestigation of the conus arteriosus and gill formation in <i>Bufo bufo</i> throughout metamorphosis using micro‐CT

Kraus, Nina; Metscher, Brian

doi:10.1002/ar.24766

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 19 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…As this study was designed without any invasive approach, we couldn't measure any metabolic parameter requiring invasive manoeuvres to compare the two situations with low and higher temperature, such as lactate value or base excess. Previous experimental studies have investigated the changes of blood and flows distribution induced by acute hemodynamic variations [57][58][59].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Functioning of the Frog’s Single Ventricle

Corno

2023

J Pediatric Adv Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis) has double-inlet and single-outlet single ventricle supporting both systemic and pulmonary circulations, with normal lifespan of 25-30 years. The relationship between pulmonary and systemic blood flows was investigated using echocardiography. Twelve female African clawed frogs, age 18-24 months, mean weight 173±19 grams were studied. Heart rate, percutaneous oxygen saturation, echocardiography derived 2D and blood flow in all cardiovascular structures were measured in two temperature setting, 17◦C (normal environment for frogs) and 22 C. In eight frogs cerebral Near-Infra-Red Spectroscopy (NIRS) was measured. Mean oxygen saturation was 66±9% with temperature of 22◦C and 85±6% with 17◦C (P<0.001), while there was no statistical difference between mean heart rates, respectively 48 13 and 42±7 beats/min. Doppler echocardiography showed a mean total pulmonary blood flow (QP) =173.0 ml/min and mean total systemic blood flow (QS) = 99.3ml/min, with mean QP/QS of 1.74:1.00. The only statistical correlation between size of the cardiovascular structures and body weight was found for the pulmonary veins, with correlation coefficient = 0.71 (P=0.02). NIRS measurements showed a reverse correlation (coefficient = -0.21) with oxygen saturation. The frog’s heart has peculiar morphologic and functional characteristics allowing normal quality of life for many years despite the presence of single ventricle. Baseline QP/QS under general anesthesia was significant for increased total pulmonary blood flow. Exposure to environmental temperature 5◦C higher than normal caused peripheral vasodilatation, with subsequent decrease of QP/QS and reduced oxygenation.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Functioning of the Frog’s Single Ventricle

Corno

2023

J Pediatric Adv Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This study showed that the larvae are aquatic (gillsbased) and the terrestrial adults have lungs, developing under the action of multiple successive miRNAs genes and proteins. A further, detailed study of the conal valve (or bulbus cordis) was recently performed, using high-resolution micro-tomography, of whole Bufo specimens [31].…”

Section: Excessively Trabeculated Ventricular Chambermentioning

confidence: 99%

Single ventricle: amphibians and human beings

2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Survival to adult life in patients born with "functionally" single ventricle, without any surgical treatment, as natural history, is extremely rarely reported [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. In general, these group of patients with "functionally" single ventricle are symptomatic from the first weeks of life, and require two to three staged operations to obtain that the single ventricle pumps the oxygenated blood to the systemic circulation, while the less oxygenated blood is deviated by gravity from the superior and inferior vena cava directly to the lungs [1,8,9]. The result of this artificial "Fontan circulation" is high systemic venous pressure, and the chronic elevation of the systemic venous pressure may results in liver failure, renal failure, protein-losing enteropathy, and plastic bronchitis [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. As a consequence, the long-term surgical outcomes of these patients are complicated by the combination of heart failure and cyanosis, substantially reducing their life expectancy and severely compromising their quality of life [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. Mathematical and computational fluid dynamic models were used to study the blood flow distribution in single ventricle [20,21], and a better design of circulation, altering the traditional surgical options [22]. Research could greatly benefit from studies performed on animals born with single ventricle, even if the only animal models available in nature are amphibians, like axolotl salamander (Ambystoma mexicanum) [7] and frogs (Xenopus laevis) [23,24], and reptiles.These experimental studies on amphibians, performed with echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, revealed that salamanders and frogs have two elements in common in their double inlet form of single ventricle: intact interatrial septum and excessively trabeculated ventricular chamber.

show abstract

“…This allows the visualization and quantitative description of the structure and microstructure of healthy and diseased cardiovascular tissues during development and in adults using micro-CT. General contrast stains have been in use for over a decade now, and many of them already allowed for valuable insights into heart tissue substructures, such as myocardial fiber direction, or localization of collagen and elastin [38][39][40][41][42]; see [24] for an extensive review on different contrast agents already used in heart imaging and their characteristics. For further microscopic analyses, the sample preparation methods and the non-destructive nature of micro-CT allow for subsequent investigation by histology, scanning electron microscopy, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence [43,44]. However, micro-CT imaging itself is moving in the direction of 3D histology with the development of new tissue-specific X-ray contrast enhancement protocols [45][46][47][48][49] and protocols showing that micro-CT can even be utilized for imaging of molecular signals [50,51].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

OCT Meets micro-CT: A Subject-Specific Correlative Multimodal Imaging Workflow for Early Chick Heart Development Modeling

Kraus

Placzek

Metscher

2022

JCDD

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Structural and Doppler velocity data collected from optical coherence tomography have already provided crucial insights into cardiac morphogenesis. X-ray microtomography and other ex vivo methods have elucidated structural details of developing hearts. However, by itself, no single imaging modality can provide comprehensive information allowing to fully decipher the inner workings of an entire developing organ. Hence, we introduce a specimen-specific correlative multimodal imaging workflow combining OCT and micro-CT imaging which is applicable for modeling of early chick heart development—a valuable model organism in cardiovascular development research. The image acquisition and processing employ common reagents, lab-based micro-CT imaging, and software that is free for academic use. Our goal is to provide a step-by-step guide on how to implement this workflow and to demonstrate why those two modalities together have the potential to provide new insight into normal cardiac development and heart malformations leading to congenital heart disease.

show abstract

Anuran development: A reinvestigation of the conus arteriosus and gill formation in Bufo bufo throughout metamorphosis using micro‐CT

Abstract: This article has been accepted for publication and undergone full peer review but has not been through the copyediting, typesetting, pagination and proofreading process which may lead to differences between this version and the Version of Record. Please cite this article as

Cited by 6 publications

References 19 publications

The Functioning of the Frog’s Single Ventricle

The Functioning of the Frog’s Single Ventricle

Single ventricle: amphibians and human beings

OCT Meets micro-CT: A Subject-Specific Correlative Multimodal Imaging Workflow for Early Chick Heart Development Modeling

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About