Antiviral Terpenoid Constituents of Ganoderma pfeifferi

Niedermeyer, Timo H. J.; Lindequist, Ulrike; Mentel, Renate; Gördes, Dirk; Schmidt, Enrico; Thurow, Kerstin; Lalk, Michael

doi:10.1021/np0501886

Cited by 115 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…According to the number of isoprene units in their backbone, the terpenoids are classified into hemiterpinoids (one isoprene unit, 5C), monoterpinoids (two isoprene units, 10C), sesquiterpinoids (three isoprene units, 15C), diterpinoids (four isoprene units, 20C), sesterterpinoid (five isoprene unit, 25C) and so on [36]. Many terpenoids show therapeutic potential as antibacterial [37], anti-viral [38], anti-malarial [39], anti-parasitic [40], anti-hyperglycemic [41], anti-inflammatory [42] and anti-cancer agents [36]. One such terpenoid compound that holds tremendous potential for the prevention/treatment of cancer is zerumbone (2,6,9,9-tetramethyl-[2E,6E,10E]-cycloundeca-2,6,10-trien-1-one), a cyclic eleven-membered sesquiterpene, isolated from the rhizomes of the tropical plant Zingiber zerumbet Smith.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Key cell signaling pathways modulated by zerumbone: Role in the prevention and treatment of cancer

Prasannan

Kalesh

Shanmugam

et al. 2012

Biochemical Pharmacology

125

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Key cell signaling pathways modulated by zerumbone: Role in the prevention and treatment of cancer

Prasannan

Kalesh

Shanmugam

et al. 2012

Biochemical Pharmacology

125

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“…These sterols must therefore be derived by adsorption from the tissue culture environment. Ergosta-7,22-dien-3␤-ol has been previously detected by GC-MS in Leishmania donovani and Leishmania amazonensis (45)(46)(47) as well as in the fungi Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Ganoderma pfeifferi (48,49), whereas stigmasta-7-24(28)-dien-3␤-ol has been found in the fungus Gymnosporangium juniper (50). Importantly, our data documented the fact that M␤CD successfully reduced the content of all sterols by 67.3% and reduced ergosterol in particular by 46.5%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Attenuation of Leishmania infantum chagasi Metacyclic Promastigotes by Sterol Depletion

et al. 2013

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The infectious metacyclic promastigotes of Leishmania protozoa establish infection in a mammalian host after they are deposited into the dermis by a sand fly vector. Several Leishmania virulence factors promote infection, including the glycosylphosphatidylinositol membrane-anchored major surface protease (MSP). Metacyclic Leishmania infantum chagasi promastigotes were treated with methyl-beta-cyclodextrin (M␤CD), a sterol-chelating reagent, causing a 3-fold reduction in total cellular sterols as well as enhancing MSP release without affecting parasite viability in vitro. M␤CD-treated promastigotes were more susceptible to complement-mediated lysis than untreated controls and reduced the parasite load 3-fold when inoculated into BALB/c mice. Paradoxically, M␤CD-treated promastigotes caused a higher initial in vitro infection rate in human or murine macrophages than untreated controls, although their intracellular multiplication was hindered upon infection establishment. There was a corresponding larger amount of covalently bound C3b than iC3b on the parasite surfaces of M␤CD-treated promastigotes exposed to healthy human serum in vitro, as well as loss of MSP, a protease that enhances C3b cleavage to iC3b. Mass spectrometry showed that M␤CD promotes the release of proteins into the extracellular medium, including both MSP and MSPlike protein (MLP), from virulent metacyclic promastigotes. These data support the hypothesis that plasma membrane sterols are important for the virulence of Leishmania protozoa at least in part through retention of membrane virulence proteins. Leishmania protozoa shuttle between a mammalian host as intracellular amastigotes and a sand fly vector as flagellated promastigotes. The sand fly acquires amastigote-laden cells during a blood meal. In the sand fly midgut, procyclic promastigotes derived from transformation of amastigotes undergo multiplication and development via intermediate stages, eventually yielding metacyclic promastigotes (1). The infectious metacyclic promastigote is inoculated into a pool of blood in the dermis of a mammalian host formed during a sand fly bite. Parasites are phagocytized by host macrophages, where they transform to amastigotes and multiply in parasitophorous vacuoles. Amastigotes spread to new macrophages at local or disseminated sites, perpetuating the infection and ultimately resulting in asymptomatic infections or symptomatic leishmaniasis (2). Various forms of leishmaniasis are endemic in 88 countries on four continents, leading to approximately two million new cases and 59,000 deaths annually (3).Both host and parasite factors contribute to the success of infection. On one hand, mammalian host environmental risk factors and genetic background influence the clinical manifestations of infection (4). On the other hand, parasite virulence determinants required for disease development include, but are not limited to, the major surface protease (MSP) (also called GP63 or leishmanolysin) and lipophosphoglycan (LPG) (5-8). These two molecules play both overl...

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“…Similarly others triterpenes such as ganoderone C ( 26 ) (IC 50 : 2.6 µ g/ml), lucialdehyde B ( 31 ) (IC 50 :3.0 µ g/ml) and ergosta-7, 22-dien-3 α -ol ( 14 ) (IC 50 : 0.78 µ g/ml) inhibited the growth of Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells infected with influenza virus (Niedermeyer et al 2005). Herpes simplex virus were inhibited by triterpenes such as compound ( 20 ) (ED 50 : 0.068 mM), ganoderone A ( 25 ) (IC 50 :0.075 µ g/ml), ( 31 ) (IC 50 :0.03 µ g/ml) and compound 14 (IC 50 : 0.03 µ g/ml), whereas compounds 21 and 51 were less effective in comparison (MothanaRa et al 2003; Niedermeyer et al 2005). G. lucidium triterpenes lanosta-7, 9 (11), 24-trien-3-one, 15; 26-dihydroxy (GLTA) ( 40 ) and ganoderic acid Y ( 19 ) possess inhibitory action towards enterovirus 71 with IC 50 value of 0.16–4 μ g/ml (Zhang et al 2015).…”

Section: Antiviral Activities Of Compounds and Extracts From Ganodermmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current and future perspective on antimicrobial and anti-parasitic activities of Ganoderma sp.: an update

Basnet

Liu

et al. 2017

Mycology

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Medicinal mushroom Ganoderma sp. is considered to be a key source for the production of therapeutic agents. Our current review indicates that a limited number (<19%; 79 out of >430) of isolated compounds have been tested and known to be active against several microorganisms and parasites. In this review, we aim to summarise all the antimicrobial and anti-parasitic works on Ganoderma sp. displayed on web of science, google scholar and endnote X7 from 1932 to August 2016. We further present and discuss the structure of active compounds against microorganisms and parasites. In addition, we also discuss the possible further research to identify lead compounds from Ganoderma sp. as a novel strategy to combat the potential global emergence of bad bugs and parasites.

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Antiviral Terpenoid Constituents of Ganoderma pfeifferi

Cited by 115 publications

References 28 publications

Key cell signaling pathways modulated by zerumbone: Role in the prevention and treatment of cancer

Key cell signaling pathways modulated by zerumbone: Role in the prevention and treatment of cancer

Attenuation of Leishmania infantum chagasi Metacyclic Promastigotes by Sterol Depletion

Current and future perspective on antimicrobial and anti-parasitic activities of Ganoderma sp.: an update

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