Current and future perspective on antimicrobial and anti-parasitic activities of <i>Ganoderma</i> sp.: an update

Basnet, Buddha Bahadur; Liu, Li; Li, Bao; Liu, Hongwei

doi:10.1080/21501203.2017.1324529

Cited by 35 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…The MIC values obtained ranged between 0.625 mg ml -1 to 5.000 mg ml -1 with methanol extract demonstrating the highest antimicrobial activity against Coagulase neg staphylococci while hot water extracts exhibited with the lowest antimicrobial activity. Comparatively moderate activities were observed in ethyl acetate extracts exhibited MIC values of 1.250 mg ml -1 (Enterobacter These were supported by few reports showed numerous strains of Ganoderma species and edible mushrooms exhibited broad spectrum of antibacterial properties in higher polarity extracts like ethyl acetate and methanol compare with lower polarity extracts like hexane [32][33][34] . However, the existence of low polar-soluble compounds in Ganoderma species or edible mushrooms are undeniable 35,24 .…”

Section: Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (Mic) Of the Effective Extrmentioning

confidence: 65%

Antimicrobial Activity and Metabolite Analysis of Ganoderma boninense Fruiting Body

Chan¹,

Chong²

2020

J Pure Appl Microbiol

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Ganoderma, a genus of polypore white rot fungus with some species such as G. lucidum and G. sinense have been reported with remarkable biological activities and used as traditional medicine for long. On the other hand, G. boninense is recognized as an important oil palm pathogen which causes intensive losses in oil palm industry. Hence, this study reveals the potential of antimicrobial properties of G. boninense fruiting bodies extract using different solvents. Ethyl acetate extract demonstrated a broad spectrum pathogens inhibition activity, followed by hot water > acetone > methanol > ethanol > chloroform. Ethyl acetate extract also shown the strongest growth inhibition against Proteus mirabilis (14.20 ± 0.40 mm). Lowest MIC (0.625 mg/ml) was observed in methanol extract against Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci. LC-MS analysis identified the extracts of G. boninense putatively contains natural occurring derivatives of alkaloid, fatty acid, heterocyclic compounds and glycosides. G. boninense may potential as the future drug. However, further investigation is required to understand this fungus in depth.

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Section: Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (Mic) Of the Effective Extrmentioning

confidence: 65%

Antimicrobial Activity and Metabolite Analysis of Ganoderma boninense Fruiting Body

Chan¹,

Chong²

2020

J Pure Appl Microbiol

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“…Recent research has reported that G. lucidum sensu lato contains approximately 400 bioactive compounds that are mostly polysaccharides and triterpenes ( Sanodiya et al, 2009 ; Basnet et al, 2017 ). These compounds have anti-inflammatory, radical oxygen scavenging, anti-tumor, immune-enhancing, and antimicrobial activities ( Paterson, 2006 ; Boh et al, 2007 ; Sanodiya et al, 2009 ; Jin et al, 2012 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These compounds have anti-inflammatory, radical oxygen scavenging, anti-tumor, immune-enhancing, and antimicrobial activities ( Paterson, 2006 ; Boh et al, 2007 ; Sanodiya et al, 2009 ; Jin et al, 2012 ). G. lucidum sensu lato produces the antifungal protein ganodermin, which has inhibitory effects against common fungi such as Botrytis cinerea and Fusarium oxysporum ( Wang and Ng, 2006 ), and also produces other chemicals with antibacterial effects ( Isaka et al, 2015 ; Basnet et al, 2017 ). Antiviral properties of triterpenes produced by another laccate species, Ganoderma pfeifferi , were shown to be active against influenza virus A ( Mothana et al, 2003 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying the “Mushroom of Immortality”: Assessing the Ganoderma Species Composition in Commercial Reishi Products

et al. 2018

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Species of Ganoderma, commonly called reishi (in Japan) or lingzhi (in China), have been used in traditional medicine for thousands of years, and their use has gained interest from pharmaceutical industries in recent years. Globally, the taxonomy of Ganoderma species is chaotic, and the taxon name Ganoderma lucidum has been used for most laccate (shiny) Ganoderma species. However, it is now known that G. lucidum sensu stricto has a limited native distribution in Europe and some parts of China. It is likely that differences in the quality and quantity of medicinally relevant chemicals occur among Ganoderma species. To determine what species are being sold in commercially available products, twenty manufactured products (e.g., pills, tablets, teas, etc.) and seventeen grow your own (GYO) kits labeled as containing G. lucidum were analyzed. DNA was extracted, and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef1α) were sequenced with specific fungal primers. The majority (93%) of the manufactured reishi products and almost half of the GYO kits were identified as Ganoderma lingzhi. G. lingzhi is native to Asia and is the most widely cultivated and studied taxon for medicinal use. Illumina MiSeq sequencing of the ITS1 region was performed to determine if multiple Ganoderma species were present. None of the manufactured products tested contained G. lucidum sensu stricto, and it was detected in only one GYO kit. G. lingzhi was detected in most products, but other Ganoderma species were also present, including G. applanatum, G. australe, G. gibbosum, G. sessile, and G. sinense. Our results indicate that the content of these products vary and that better labeling is needed to inform consumers before these products are ingested or marketed as medicine. Of the 17 GYO kits tested, 11 kits contained Ganoderma taxa that are not native to the United States. If fruiting bodies of exotic Ganoderma taxa are cultivated, these GYO kits will likely end up in the environment. The effects of these exotic species to natural ecosystems needs investigation.

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“…Ganoderma species, which are widely distributed around the world, are important macrofungi belonging to Ganodermataceae (Polyporales, Basidiomycota). The most common pharmacological activities of Ganoderma species are antitumour, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities, and at least 19 Ganoderma species have been studied for their medicinal functions in China to date ( Dai et al 2009 ; Yi et al 2015 ; Basnet et al 2017 ; Wu et al 2019a ). Polysaccharides ( Cör et al 2018 ; Ma et al 2018 ) and triterpenes ( Liang et al 2019 ; Wahba et al 2019 ) with vital medicinal functions have drawn the attention of researchers.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-Wide Characterization and Comparative Analysis of MYB Transcription Factors in Ganoderma Species

Wang

Huang

Zhang

et al. 2020

G3 Genes|Genomes|Genetics

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Numerous studies in plants have shown the vital roles of MYB transcription factors in signal transduction, developmental regulation, biotic/abiotic stress responses and secondary metabolism regulation. However, less is known about the functions of MYBs in Ganoderma. In this study, five medicinal macrofungi of genus Ganoderma were subjected to a genome-wide comparative analysis of MYB genes. A total of 75 MYB genes were identified and classified into four types: 1R-MYBs (52), 2R-MYBs (19), 3R-MYBs (2) and 4R-MYBs (2). Gene structure analysis revealed varying exon numbers (3-14) and intron lengths (7-1058 bp), and noncanonical GC-AG introns were detected in G. lucidum and G. sinense. In a phylogenetic analysis, 69 out of 75 MYB genes were clustered into 15 subgroups, and both single-copy orthologous genes and duplicated genes were identified. The promoters of the MYB genes harboured multiple cis-elements, and specific genes were co-expressed with the G. lucidum MYB genes, indicating the potential roles of these MYB genes in stress response, development and metabolism. This comprehensive and systematic study of MYB family members provides a reference and solid foundation for further functional analysis of MYB genes in Ganoderma species.

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Current and future perspective on antimicrobial and anti-parasitic activities of Ganoderma sp.: an update

Cited by 35 publications

References 48 publications

Antimicrobial Activity and Metabolite Analysis of Ganoderma boninense Fruiting Body

Antimicrobial Activity and Metabolite Analysis of Ganoderma boninense Fruiting Body

Identifying the “Mushroom of Immortality”: Assessing the Ganoderma Species Composition in Commercial Reishi Products

Genome-Wide Characterization and Comparative Analysis of MYB Transcription Factors in Ganoderma Species

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