Antiviral medicinal plants found in Lanna traditional medicine

Abstract

Traditional medicine uses a multitude of plants to create medicinal formulations, some of which show antiviral properties that may be of benefit in treating emerging viral diseases, including Covid-19. Lanna, an ancient Kingdom in northern Thailand, with a thriving culture that continues to this day and has a rich history of traditional medicine using local plants that is still practiced today. To find potential antiviral medicinal candidates, we examined ancient manuscripts, interviewed traditional healers practicing today, and inventoried current traditional medicines to catalogue 1400 medicinal formulations used in Lanna traditional medicine. We then narrowed this list to find those traditionally used to treat diseases that in their original use and descriptions most likely map to those we know today to be viral diseases. We identified the plants used in these formulations to create a list of 64 potential antiviral herbal candidates drawn from this ancient Lanna wisdom and matched these to the scientific literature to see which of these plants had already been shown to possess antiviral properties, generating a list of 64 potential antiviral medicinal candidates from Lanna traditional medicine worth further investigation for treating emerging viral diseases.

Ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry and pharmacology of Benincasae Exocarpium: A review

“…In India, BE, known as Kushmanda , had been used to treat diabetes, diuretic diseases, urinary tract infections, and chronic inflammatory diseases under the guidance of traditional Ayurvedic medicine ( Deeksha et al, 2021 ). A review, published in 2021, sorted out antiviral drugs or local plants commonly used in Thailand since ancient times, showing that BE has antiviral pharmacological activity ( Julsrigival et al, 2021 ). Compared with the above countries, BE is more widely used in China.…”