Antiviral effect of Artemisia aucheri aqueous extract on UL46 and US6 genes of HSV-1

Abstract

HSV-1 is associated with oral lesions. Recently, anti-herpetic activity of different plant species has been investigated. In this study, the effects of Artemisia aucheri aqueous extract on the HSV-1 virus-infected Vero cells were assessed. The highest cell viability occurred in plant aqueous extracts was with a concentration of 75 μg/mL, 1–2 h before viral infection. The IC50 of the aqueous extract of 24.7 μg/ml was calculated. Most percentage of infected cell inhibition (89.6%) was with the chloroform fraction in concentration of 75 μg/ml, and the least percentage of infected cell inhibition (21.7%) was in concentration of 12.5 μg/ml with the ethyl acetate fraction in comparison with untreated control. Moreover, Q-PCR results revealed that the expression of genes UL46 and US6 were significantly reduced in the presence of different treatments utilized in the experiment. In conclusion, the present study proposes that aqueous extracts of medicinal plant Artemisia aucheri have anti-viral property and may be considered as a remedy for HSV-1 treatment.

Antiviral Activities of Aqueous Extracts of Aerial Parts of Spring and Autumn-harvested Artemisia aucheri Bioss. on Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1

“…In addition, the virus can become resistant to drugs because of DNA polymerase gene mutations )19, 20(. The HSV-1 strains' resistance to acyclovir has necessitated new treatments and in this regard, medicinal plants have attracted lots of attention (15).…”

In vitro anti-HSV1 activity of aqueous extract of Areca catechu L.

“…The cell culture was performed using the DMEM culture medium with 10% FBS, and 1% P/S in an incubator with 5% CO 2 at 37°C ( 23 ).…”

“…Cell lines were infected with a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 1:10 (virus: Vero cell) in a 25 cm 2 dish, then incubated at 37°C and 5% CO 2 for 24 h. After the onset of the Cytopathic Effect (CPE), it was kept at −80°C ( 23 ).…”

“…Four Vero cell monolayers were used as cell control, virus control, acyclovir, and each viral dilution. The related viral dilution (100 μl) was added to each well and the serum culture medium (2%, 300 μl) was added to the Vero cells after 1 h. Finally, the onset of CPE was daily screened and the virus titration was calculated based on the Reed-Muench method ( 23 ).…”

“…Glycoprotein D (gD) from HSV-1 is coded by HSV gene US6 that is an important receptor for the virus in epithelial cell and lymphocyte infections ( 21 , 22 ). However, the expression of UL46 and US6 in the presence of medicinal plants has not been widely studied ( 23 ).…”