Antiviral antibodies attenuate T-cell-mediated immunopathology following acute lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection

Abstract

The role of antiviral antibody in resistance to acute lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection has been examined by passive transfer of monoclonal antibodies and intracerebral challenge infection. Protection of mice from lethal T-cell-mediated acute disease was observed following passive administration of antibodies either 1 day before or up to 2 days after infection. Viral replication was suppressed in protected mice, and the cytotoxic T-cell response to virus was also diminished. Virus was cleared from the brain and other tissues of protected mice without development of lethal immunopathology, suggesting that preexisting antibody may play a significant role in modulating potentially destructive effects of T-cell-mediated immune responses to pathogens.

Glycoprotein-Specific Antibodies Produced by DNA Vaccination Protect Guinea Pigs from Lethal Argentine and Venezuelan Hemorrhagic Fever

“…Our results expand these findings and demonstrate that anti-GP1 and/or -GP2 antibodies are sufficient for protection against JUNV in the guinea pig model. Studies with LCMV suggested that anti-GP2 antibodies do not contribute to immunoprotection (52). However, it is unclear if antibodies targeting both glycoproteins are critical for protection against NW arenaviruses or if anti-GP1 neutralizing antibodies are indeed the most critical.…”

The antiviral activity of antibodies in vitro and in vivo

“…An interesting advantage of passively transferred neutralizing antibodies in LCMV infection is that, by effectively reducing the viral challenge, they can attenuate the subsequent CTL response (Wright and Buchmeier, 1991). This can be crucial in modulating the potentially destructive effects of an "over-vigorous" T cell-mediated immune response.…”

Effector T‐Cell Induction and T‐Cell Memory versus Peripheral Deletion of T Cells

“…CD4"^ T cells are not necessary but help to improve CTL responses (Leist et al 1987, Ahmed et al 1988, Moskophidis et al 1987; in contrast, they are essential for anti-LCMV antibody responses (Moskophidis et al 1987). ELlSA-antibody responses are generated very rapidly but neutralizing antibodies usually appear relatively late (Rowe 1954, Lehmann-Grube 1971, Hotchin 1971, Buchmeier et al 1980, Wright & Buchmeier 1991. Despite all of these various immune response possibilities of the host, some LCMV isolates and/or high doses of others cause a persistent infection in immunocompetent mice (Suzuki & Hotchin 1971, Larsen 1968, Benson & Hotchin 1969, Pfau et al 1982, Ahmed et a!.…”