Antitumoral and antimetastatic effects of metronomic chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide combined with celecoxib on murine mammary adenocarcinomas

Abstract

The therapeutic benefits of combined MCT with cyclophosphamide plus celecoxib on mammary adenocarcinomas together with its very low toxicity profile warrant further study in an attempt to make the translation into the clinic.

Safety and Therapeutic Effect of Metronomic Chemotherapy with Cyclophosphamide and Celecoxib in Advanced Breast Cancer Patients

“…The antitumor and antimetastatic properties of MCT with Cy as a mono-therapy [17], or in combination with Cel [18], were demonstrated in our pre-clinical tumor-models. The promising results obtained, in terms of therapeutic efficacy, good tolerability and low toxicity profile together with previous clinical experience by others setting the metronomic dose of Cy [19,20] prompted us to conduct a phase I/II trial employing metronomic administration of Cy combined with Cel for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients progressing after standard chemotherapy.…”

“…Based in our pre-clinical studies [18], we designed this trial to evaluate the safety, efficacy of MCT with Cy plus Cel in advanced breast cancer refractory to standard chemotherapy, along with the identification of possible biomarkers to predict response to therapy.…”

Metastatic breast cancer patients treated with low-dose metronomic chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide and celecoxib: clinical outcomes and biomarkers of response

“…Our pre-clinical results with mammary tumors, treated metronomically with Cy+Cel or Cy+Doxorubicin, showing therapeutic effect and low toxicity [18,19] suggested its translation to the clinic.…”

Clinical overview of metronomic chemotherapy in breast cancer

“…102 Inhibitors of COX-2 can interfere with tumour growth by a number of mechanisms, that include inhibition of angiogenesis or lymphangiogenesis 103 when combined with metronomic chemotherapy. 104 Toxicity, safety and efficacy of metronomic oral cyclophosphamide (50 mg/day) and oral celecoxib (400 mg/day) was evaluated in 15 patients with advanced-stage breast cancer. The overall clinical benefit rate was 46.7%, and median time to progression was 14 weeks.…”