Antitumor Components Isolated from the Chinese Herbal Medicine<i>Coix lachryma-jobi</i>

Numata, Mitsuhiro; Yamamoto, Akihiko; Moribayashi, Atsuko; Yamada, Hiromi

doi:10.1055/s-2006-959500

Cited by 71 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…ma-yuen stapf), a close relative of oats, has been thought to have health benefits, but there has been a lack of scientific studies to support this notion. Recent studies, however, indicate that adlay may possess diuretic, anticonvulsant, and antitumor activities 7,8) and may be effective in decreasing plasma cholesterol and triacylglycerol (TG) and in increasing high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C).…”

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confidence: 99%

Effect of Young Barley Leaf Extract and Adlay on Plasma Lipids and LDL Oxidation in Hyperlipidemic Smokers

Chang

Liu

et al. 2004

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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Atherosclerosis is the principal cause of heart attacks, strokes and gangrene of the extremities. Atherosclerotic lesions result from an excessive, inflammatory-fibroproliferative response to various forms of insults to the endothelium and smooth muscles of the artery walls.1) Previous studies have also indicated that the oxidative modification of lowdensity lipoprotein (LDL) plays a key role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. 2)Cigarette smoke contains high concentrations of gaseous oxygen radicals and nitric oxides. The constituents of cigarette smoke might activate the inflammatory-immune response, which induces more oxidants in the body. Those free radicals and oxidants can induce antioxidant depletion and oxidative damage to lipids, proteins and DNA.3) Smokers have a 15-20% lower concentration of ascorbate in plasma than nonsmokers. 4) Ascorbic acid and possibly tocopherols have a high turnover in smokers, which can promote the development of the atheromatous plaque. 5)Young barley leaf extract (BL) is a good natural source of vitamins and minerals. It is made from barley leaves harvested 2 weeks after seeding. The barley leaves were freezedried for 3 d and then ground. The ground leaves contain fat 4.97%, polysaccharide 52.6%, protein 34.1%, and a variety of vitamins, minerals and polyphenolic compounds (analyzed by YH Products Corporation, Oxnard, CA, U.S.A.); and they have been shown to exhibit antioxidative activity in a lipid peroxidation system. 6) For over a thousand years, consumption of adlay (Coix lachryma-jobi L. var. ma-yuen stapf), a close relative of oats, has been thought to have health benefits, but there has been a lack of scientific studies to support this notion. Recent studies, however, indicate that adlay may possess diuretic, anticonvulsant, and antitumor activities 7,8) and may be effective in decreasing plasma cholesterol and triacylglycerol (TG) and in increasing high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C).9)The present study was performed to assess the effects of supplementation of BL or adlay on plasma lipids and LDL susceptibility to oxidation in hyperlipidemic smokers and nonsmokers. MATERIALS AND METHODSSubjects Data were collected from 40 hyperlipidemic male patients (plasma TG Ͼ2.2 mmol/l (200 mg/dl), total cholesterol (TC) Ͼ5.0 mmol/l (200 mg/dl), aged 40 to 70 years, who attended the China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan for health checkups. Patients were excluded from the study if they had a history of liver disease, had been on medication for cardiovascular problems or were taking other drugs known to alter lipoprotein concentration or susceptibility to LDL oxidation. Patients were instructed not to alter their dietary habits or exercise patterns and not to consume any vitamin supplements. Subjects included 20 nonsmokers and 20 current smokers; smokers were defined as those who smoked Ͼ10 cigarettes/d. All subjects maintained their normal activities and smoking habits throughout the study. Each subject was instructed by a registered dietitian to follow...

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confidence: 99%

Effect of Young Barley Leaf Extract and Adlay on Plasma Lipids and LDL Oxidation in Hyperlipidemic Smokers

Chang

Liu

et al. 2004

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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“…At all temperatures, linoleic acid contents in S5 and S5L were decreased in time-dependent pattern with the maximum percentage remaining of linoleic acid at 4 C. The anticancer activity of the liposome formulation might be due to the linoleic acid in S5. Linoleic acid was the major fatty acid in Job's tear seed (Bhandari et al, 2014), which inhibited the growth of mouse tumor transplant (Numata et al, 1994) and induced apoptosis by mitochondrial dysfunction induction in cancer cell (Lu et al, 2010). At the end of the experiment, the linoleic acid contents of S5L were higher than nonencapsulated S5.…”

Section: Linoleic Acid Content In the Free And Semi-purified Job's Tementioning

confidence: 99%

Potent in vivo anticancer activity and stability of liposomes encapsulated with semi-purified Job’s tear (Coix lacryma-jobi Linn.) extracts on human colon adenocarcinoma (HT-29) xenografted mice

et al. 2016

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Potent in vivo anticancer activity and stability of liposomes encapsulated with semi-purified Job's tear (Coix lacryma-jobi Linn.) extracts on human colon adenocarcinoma AbstractThe in vivo anticancer activity and stability of liposomes encapsulated with semi-purified Job's tear (Coix lacryma-jobi Linn.) extracts (S5L), prepared by supercritical carbon dioxide fluid technique, on human colon adenocarcinoma (HT29) xenografted mice were investigated. For the stability and the physicochemical characteristics, S5L showed a high stability of pH, good dispersibility, small particle size and stable zeta potential. Liposomes can protect linoleic acid in the extract comparing with the free S5. S5L kept at 4 C for 3 months showed the highest linoleic acid content of 63.50%, whereas at 45 C, the lowest linoleic acid content of 42.66% was observed. The anticancer activity and toxicity on xenografted mice were observed for 14 days. At the end of the experiment, the relative tumor volume (RTV) in the S5L-treated xenografted mice showed a significant RTV reduction. The high dose of S5 and S5L were potent with the highest inhibition of tumor growth of 48.67 and 54.75%, which was 86.94% and 97.81% of 5-fluorouracil, respectively. The apoptotic activity was shown in xenografted mice treated with S5 at medium and high dose, S5L, 5-fluorouracil and commercial product. All treated xenografted mice showed no toxic signs and symptoms, abnormality of internal organs histopathology and blood chemistry. This study has demonstrated the high physicochemical stability of liposomes encapsulated with semi-purified Job's tear extract and their potent anticancer activity on human colon adenocarcinoma xenografted model with the potential for further development to anticolon cancer drug.

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“…Phytochemistry studies revealed the presence of phytosterols, phenolic acids, phenolic aldehydes, lignan and flavonoids in adlay bran extract. 3,7,10,49 We have isolated some isoflavone and flavonoid phytochemicals in adlay bran extracts (unpublished data). Flavonoid phytochemicals have been shown to possess an inhibitory effect on steroidogenic enzymes in human adrenocortical H295R cells.…”

Section: Downregulation Of Progesterone Biosynthesis By Abm S-m Hsia mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 Adlay extracts inhibit growth of Ehrlich ascites sarcoma and their active components have been identified as coixenolides. 3 The adlay extracts have been studied to be antiproliferative and chemopreventive on lung or colon cancer in vivo and in vitro. [4][5][6] Methanolic extracts from adlay seeds have been reported to have a moderate antioxidant effect.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Downregulation of progesterone biosynthesis in rat granulosa cells by adlay (Coix lachryma-jobi L. var. ma-yuen Stapf.) bran extracts

et al. 2005

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has long been used as a traditional Chinese medicine for dysfunctions of the endocrine system and inflammation conditions. However, the effect of adlay seed on the endocrine system has not yet been reported. In the present study, the effects and the mechanisms of methanolic extract of adlay bran (ABM) on progesterone synthesis in rat granulosa cell were studied. ABM was further partitioned with different solvents including water, 1-butanol, ethyl acetate and n-hexane. Four subfractions named ABM-Wa (water fraction), ABM-Bu (1-butanol fraction), ABM-EA (ethyl acetate fraction) and ABM-Hex (n-hexane fraction) were obtained. ABM-Bu was further fractionated using Diaion HP-20 resin column chromatography with gradient elution. Granulosa cells were prepared from pregnant mare serum gonadotropinprimed immature female rats and challenged with different reagents including human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG 0.5 IU/ml), forskolin (10 lM), 8-bromo-adenosine-3 0 ,5 0 -cyclic monophosphate (8-Br-cAMP, 1 mM), A23187 (10 lM), phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA, 0.01 lM), 25-OHcholesterol (0.1-10 lM) and pregnenolone (0.1-10 lM) in the presence or absence of ABM-Bu (100 lg/ ml). The functions of steroidogenic enzyme including protein expression of the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) and cytochrome P450 side-chain cleavage enzyme (P450scc) protein were investigated. Expressions of both P450scc and StAR mRNA have also been explored. We found that ABM decreased progesterone production via an inhibition on (1) the cAMP-PKA and PKC signal transduction pathway, (2) P450scc and 3b-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3b-HSD) enzyme activity, (3) P450scc and StAR protein and mRNA expressions and (4) the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in rat granulosa cells.

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Antitumor Components Isolated from the Chinese Herbal MedicineCoix lachryma-jobi

Cited by 71 publications

References 2 publications

Effect of Young Barley Leaf Extract and Adlay on Plasma Lipids and LDL Oxidation in Hyperlipidemic Smokers

Effect of Young Barley Leaf Extract and Adlay on Plasma Lipids and LDL Oxidation in Hyperlipidemic Smokers

Potent in vivo anticancer activity and stability of liposomes encapsulated with semi-purified Job’s tear (Coix lacryma-jobi Linn.) extracts on human colon adenocarcinoma (HT-29) xenografted mice

Downregulation of progesterone biosynthesis in rat granulosa cells by adlay (Coix lachryma-jobi L. var. ma-yuen Stapf.) bran extracts

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