Antitumor and Immunomodulatory Effects of Polysaccharides from Broken-Spore of Ganoderma lucidum

Wang, Pengyun; Xiao-ling, Zhu; Lin, Zhibin

doi:10.3389/fphar.2012.00135

Cited by 68 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(34 reference statements)

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“…IFN-γ, which is secreted by stimulated Th1 cells, has a crucial role in modulation of various immune processes. The activated Th1 cells are not only involved in production of cytokines, but also stimulate the production of different types of IgG, which are released by B lymphocytes in the immune system [28]. These results support the possible value of the metabolites for reversing pathophysiological conditions related to immunological background of diseases, particularly in immunodeficient and cancer patients or general immunosupression subsequent to chemotherapy ( active components of the metabolites and cell surface molecules or other compartments of the immune system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…A number of studies have identified immunomodulatory compartments of microbial products such as bacterial toxins, bacterial polysaccharides and secondary metabolites that have poteintal in treating certain pathological situations [2,4,6,[17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28]. Several substances, including components of bacterial cell walls, have been reported to modulate innate immune responses [1,7,19,20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The immunomodulatory activity of secondary metabolites isolated fromStreptomyces calvuson human peripheral blood mononuclear cells

Mahmoudi

Baradaran

Dehnad

et al. 2016

British Journal of Biomedical Science

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The immunomodulatory activity of secondary metabolites isolated fromStreptomyces calvuson human peripheral blood mononuclear cells

Mahmoudi

Baradaran

Dehnad

et al. 2016

British Journal of Biomedical Science

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“…sinica.edu.tw, or chwong@gate.sinica.edu.tw. growth in vitro, but the pure Reishi extract alone did not induce similar effects (24,25). Thus, we conducted a synthetic glycan microarray analysis to investigate whether F3-induced antisera could recognize biologically important glycan epitopes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We first conducted a study in an animal tumor model using C57BL/6J mice with implantation of murine Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC1) cells to investigate the antitumor activity of F3. Briefly, LLC1 cells were transplanted s.c. into mice, and then F3 (24,52,120, and 240 mg/kg body weight per mouse dissolved in PBS) was administered i.p. once every other day, and the process was repeated for 28 d. As shown in the tumor growth curves (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunization of fucose-containing polysaccharides from Reishi mushroom induces antibodies to tumor-associated Globo H-series epitopes

Liao

Liang

et al. 2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Carbohydrate-based vaccines have shown therapeutic efficacy for infectious disease and cancer. The mushroom Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi) containing complex polysaccharides has been used as antitumor supplement, but the mechanism of immune response has rarely been studied. Here, we show that the mice immunized with a L-fucose (Fuc)-enriched Reishi polysaccharide fraction (designated as FMS) induce antibodies against murine Lewis lung carcinoma cells, with increased antibody-mediated cytotoxicity and reduced production of tumor-associated inflammatory mediators (in particular, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1). The mice showed a significant increase in the peritoneal B1 B-cell population, suggesting FMS-mediated anti-glycan IgM production. Furthermore, the glycan microarray analysis of FMS-induced antisera displayed a high specificity toward tumor-associated glycans, with the antigenic structure located in the nonreducing termini (i.e., Fucα1-2Galβ1-3GalNAc-R, where Gal, GalNAc, and R represent, respectively, Dgalactose, D-N-acetyl galactosamine, and reducing end), typically found in Globo H and related tumor antigens. The composition of FMS contains mainly the backbone of 1,4-mannan and 1,6-α-galactan and through the Fucα1-2Gal, Fucα1-3/4Man, Fucα1-4Xyl, and Fucα1-2Fuc linkages (where Man and Xyl represent D-mannose and D-xylose, respectively), underlying the molecular basis of the FMSinduced IgM antibodies against tumor-specific glycans. mushroom polysaccharide | antitumor activity | anti-Globo H antibody V arious forms of herbal medicine polysaccharides have become valuable as health supplements worldwide (1, 2), suggesting that administration of such polysaccharides may improve innate immunity in vivo. The underlying molecular mechanisms, however, still remain ambiguous. Aberrant terminal fucosylation as well as sialylation in tumor-associated glycans is one of several glycosylation events important in cancer progression (3, 4), and such unusual glycans have recently been used for the development of anticancer vaccines (5-7). As an example, the Globo H-based glycoconjugate vaccines are currently undergoing large-scale clinical trials and have shown promise in therapeutic treatment (8, 9). Studies on the immune response to pathogenic microorganisms (such as Haemophilus influenza type B and Streptococcus pneumonia) have demonstrated that polysaccharides containing repeating antigenic units are generally T cell-independent (TI) (10, 11). Furthermore, recent findings revealed that specific B-cell subsets could establish memory for providing specific Ig synthesis in response to TI-associated polysaccharides (12)(13)(14). In an attempt to understand the biological significance of polysaccharides derived from natural sources, we previously isolated and characterized a crude extract fraction of water-soluble and L-fucose (Fuc)-containing polysaccharides (F3) from Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi) (a mushroom that has been long used as a herb medicine) (15). F3 has since been shown essential for regulation of cytokine network...

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“…The majority of cancer patients (including those with sarcoma) succumb to recurrence, metastasis, or therapy-related life-threatening complications (18,19), in which chemotherapy-induced immunosuppression plays a major role. Certain polysaccharides extracted from various Chinese herbs have been demonstrated to possess antitumor properties in recent studies, including the polysaccharides from Ganoderma lucidum (20), Ganoderma atrum (21) and ginseng neutral (22). One of the most obvious advantages of herbal-extracted polysaccharides is their low incidence of side effects and potent anticancer activity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antitumor activity of yulangsan polysacchrides in mice bearing S180 sarcoma tumors

Cai

Chen

Pan

et al. 2017

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

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Abstract. Sarcoma is one of the most prevalent pediatric tumors and the therapeutic role of chemotherapy has yet to be elucidated. It has been reported that extracts of Longyanshen (Yulangsan) may enhance the sensitivity of drug-resistant cancer cell lines, and improve the immune dysfunction induced by cyclophosphamide (CTX) in mice. The present in vivo study investigated the antitumor effects of Yulangsan polysaccharides (YLSPS) and their interaction with CTX in murine sarcoma 180 (S180)-bearing mice. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of apoptosis-related proteins. The ultrastructure of sarcoma cells was examined by transmission electron microscopy and the tumor growth rate was determined by measuring the tumor weight. A dose-dependent inhibition of sarcoma growth was observed in S180-bearing mice following administration of YLSPS. In combination with CTX, an additive antitumor effect was obtained, which was accompanied by amelioration of immune function. YLSPS also potentiated the tumor suppression effect of CTX while avoiding cytotoxicity against immune cells. YLSPS inhibited sarcoma growth in S180-bearing mice through the induction of apoptosis in S180 sarcoma cells. YLSPS also attenuated CTX-induced cytotoxicity to the immune system while potentiating the tumor suppression effect. These results provide additional information regarding combination therapy with YLSPS and chemotherapy for the treatment of sarcoma. IntroductionSarcomas are a heterogeneous group of tumors that are mesenchymal in origin and account for 1% of adult tumors and 15% of pediatric tumors (1,2). Approximately 80% of sarcomas originate from soft tissue and 20% from bone. Similar to other types of solid tumors, conventional therapy includes surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The role of adjuvant or neoadjuvant chemotherapy for sarcoma has not yet been fully elucidated, as large prospective analyses have not demonstrated their unequivocal benefit (3,4); however, a previous meta-analysis suggested that adjuvant chemotherapy is associated with a moderate overall survival advantage (5). A number of agents are currently used for sarcoma therapy, including doxorubicin, ifosfamide, dacarbazine, cisplatin, vincristine, cyclophosphamide (CTX) and etoposide. Under most circumstances, the combination of ≥2 agents is commonly used in patients with sarcoma, as combination chemotherapy appears to increase response rates; however, it is associated with greater toxicity, with immunosuppression being one of the most serious side effects, with no overall survival advantage (6).Yulangsan, also referred to as Longyanshen, is a commonly used herb in the indigenous Zhuang community in Guangxi, China, and is derived from the dried roots of Millettia pulchra Kurz var-laxior (Dunn) Z. We. Locally, this herb is used for patients recuperating after illness and those concerned about their general health. In the published literature, it has been reported that Yulangsan may enhance the function of the immune system (7). Kong et al found that ...

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Antitumor and Immunomodulatory Effects of Polysaccharides from Broken-Spore of Ganoderma lucidum

Cited by 68 publications

References 37 publications

The immunomodulatory activity of secondary metabolites isolated fromStreptomyces calvuson human peripheral blood mononuclear cells

The immunomodulatory activity of secondary metabolites isolated fromStreptomyces calvuson human peripheral blood mononuclear cells

Immunization of fucose-containing polysaccharides from Reishi mushroom induces antibodies to tumor-associated Globo H-series epitopes

Antitumor activity of yulangsan polysacchrides in mice bearing S180 sarcoma tumors

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