Antitrust and the Future of Nursing: Federal Competiton Policy and the Scope of Practice

Policies to sustain the nursing workforce: an international perspective

“…). Because of this, the Federal Trade Commission has recommended that: (1) NPs' scope of practice constraints be no more stringent than what patient safety requires; (2) when considering scope of practice constraints, state policymakers should account for competitive costs; and (3) society should not incur higher costs related to the education and payment of physicians absent an evidence‐based promise of countervailing consumer protection benefits (Gilman & Fairman ).…”

Shaping nursing profession regulation through history – a systematic review

“…As demonstrated by the results of the review, the historical connection between nursing regulatory authorities and nursing registration has always been a central point in understanding the main functions of regulators, as regulatory bodies institutionalize nursing licensure to protect citizens by ensuring that every registered nurse delivers a safe and competent health care (Evans ; Gilman & Fairman ). Registration can be a valid exercise of a state's power and a way to exercise public protection from people who could potentially deliver unprofessional care and confuse the public through titles that are not legally protected (e.g.…”

“…As Gilman & Fairman (, p. 206) have written: ‘Regulatory development often exhibits a certain path dependency, and existing rules may reflect the historical context of their origins as much as contemporary assessments of patient care. Neither history nor habit is much of a rationale, however, much less an adequately substantiated rationale [for their characteristics]’.…”

The impact of state nurse practitioner scope-of-practice regulations on access to primary care in health professional shortage areas

“…Nurse practitioners ii are one of four main types of advanced practice registered nurses (APRNs). 30 The other three are nurse midwives, nurse anesthetists, and clinical nurse specialists. 30 APRNs are nurses who have undergone graduate-level training -masters, postmaster's certificate or doctoral-level training -in one of the four aforementioned roles.…”

“…30 The other three are nurse midwives, nurse anesthetists, and clinical nurse specialists. 30 APRNs are nurses who have undergone graduate-level training -masters, postmaster's certificate or doctoral-level training -in one of the four aforementioned roles. 29,30 This advanced training equips them with the knowledge and skill set needed to provide a broad range of health services without physician oversight.…”