Antiseptic effect of vicenin-2 and scolymoside from <i>Cyclopia subternata</i> (honeybush) in response to HMGB1 as a late sepsis mediator in vitro and in vivo

Lee, Wonhwa; Yoon, Eunchul; Kim, Kyung Min; Park, Dong Ho; Bae, Jong‐Sup

doi:10.1139/cjpp-2015-0021

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…Hyperlipidemia can increase the amount of oxygen free radicals generated in vivo (23), increase oxidative stress (24) and is involved in the occurrence and progression of atherosclerosis. It was shown in the present study that SOD activity of mice in the model group decreased and the antagonistic effect against oxidative stress was inhibited.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apigenin in the regulation of cholesterol metabolism and protection of blood vessels

Zhang

Song

et al. 2017

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

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Hyperlipidemia is a major independent risk factor for atherosclerosis. Seeking natural compounds in medicinal plants capable of reducing blood fat and studying their mechanisms of action has been the focus of research in recent years. The aim of the present study was to analyze the mechanisms of apigenin in regulating cholesterol metabolism and protecting blood vessels, and to provide a theoretical basis for the clinical application of apigenin. The mouse model of hyperlipidemia was established to verify the efficacy of apigenin in improving hyperlipidemia and to observe the mechanism of action of apigenin in reducing cholesterol content. In vitro cell experiments were conducted to evaluate the role of apigenin in mediating reverse cholesterol transport. Additionally, H2O2-injured human umbilical venous endothelial cells (EA.hy926 cells) were used for further study on the roles of apigenin in resisting oxidization and protecting vascular endothelial cells. Apigenin significantly regulated blood fat, reduced animal weight, and reduced total cholesterol (P=0.024), triglyceride (P=0.031) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P=0.014) in the serum of the high-fat diet mice. Apigenin improved the blood lipid metabolism of the hyper-lipidemia model mice. Body weight and serum cholesterol content increased abnormally (P=0.003) as a consequence of high-fat diet. Apigenin increased the activity of superoxide dismutase in EA.hy926 cells (P=0.043) and increased the amount of nitric oxide secreted by the cells (P=0.038). Apigenin also inhibited the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells in a dose-dependent manner (P=0.036). In conclusion, apigenin can regulate cholesterol metabolism in vivo and plays a role in reducing the level of blood fat by promoting cholesterol absorption and conversion, and accelerating reverse cholesterol transport. Apigenin also has a role in resisting oxidization and protecting blood vessels.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apigenin in the regulation of cholesterol metabolism and protection of blood vessels

Zhang

Song

et al. 2017

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

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“…Vicenin-2 and scolymoside derived from Honeybush can also effectively inhibit LPS-induced release of HMGB1, and therefore suppress HMGB1-mediated septic responses such as hyperpermeability, the adhesion and migration of leukocytes, and the expression of cell adhesion molecules. In addition, vicenin-2 and scolymoside suppress the production of TNF-α and IL-6, and activation of NF-κB and ERK1/2 by HMGB1 [ 126 ].…”

Section: Interventionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Herbal Medicines on HMGB1 Release, SARS-CoV-2 Viral Attachment, Acute Respiratory Failure, and Sepsis. A Literature Review

Wyganowska‐Świątkowska¹,

Nohawica²,

Grocholewicz

et al. 2020

IJMS

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By attaching to the angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) protein on lung and intestinal cells, Sudden Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-CoV-2) can cause respiratory and homeostatic difficulties leading to sepsis. The progression from acute respiratory failure to sepsis has been correlated with the release of high-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1). Lack of effective conventional treatment of this septic state has spiked an interest in alternative medicine. This review of herbal extracts has identified multiple candidates which can target the release of HMGB1 and potentially reduce mortality by preventing progression from respiratory distress to sepsis. Some of the identified mixtures have also been shown to interfere with viral attachment. Due to the wide variability in chemical superstructure of the components of assorted herbal extracts, common motifs have been identified. Looking at the most active compounds in each extract it becomes evident that as a group, phenolic compounds have a broad enzyme inhibiting function. They have been shown to act against the priming of SARS-CoV-2 attachment proteins by host and viral enzymes, and the release of HMGB1 by host immune cells. An argument for the value in a nonspecific inhibitory action has been drawn. Hopefully these findings can drive future drug development and clinical procedures.

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“…C-glycosylflavones are critical in plant physiology and are beneficial for human health. For example, vicenin-2 is an effective flavone that shows anti-inflammatory 6 , antiglycating 7 , antispasmodic 8 , antiseptic 9 , antiplatelet, antithrombotic 10 , and anticancer 11,12 activity. Because flavonoids show such high biological activity, determining the pathways involved in the biosynthesis of flavonoid glycosides is important.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional analysis of a novel C-glycosyltransferase in the orchid Dendrobium catenatum

Ren

Jiao

et al. 2020

Hortic Res

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Flavonoids, which are a diverse class of phytonutrients, are used by organisms to respond to nearly all abiotic stresses and are beneficial for human health. Glycosyltransferase, used during the last step of flavonoid biosynthesis, is important in flavonoid enrichment. However, little is known about glycosyltransferase in the orchid Dendrobium catenatum (D. officinale). In this study, we isolated a novel C-glycosyltransferase (designated DcaCGT) from the orchid D. catenatum by identifying and analyzing 82 putative genes in the GT1 family. DcaCGT could specifically catalyze not only di-C-glycosylation but also O-glycosylation. Apart from the normal function of catalyzing 2-hydroxynaringenin and phloretin to the respective di-C-glycosides, DcaCGT also catalyzes apigenin to cosmosiin. Targeted metabolic profiling of the substrates (2-hydroxynaringenin, phloretin, and apigenin) and products (vitexin, isovitexin, vicenin-2, nothofagin, 3',5'-di-C-glucosylphloretin, and cosmosiin) in different tissues showed that vicenin-2 was the most abundant product of this novel enzyme. Cosmosiin was detected in flowers and flower buds. We also established that DcaCGT functions expanded throughout the evolution of D. catenatum. Residual OGT activity may help D. catenatum resist drought stress. Our study illustrates the function, origin, and differentiation of DcaCGT and provides insights into glycosylation and molecular propagation processes, which can be used to improve the production of flavonoids by the cultivated medicinal plant D. catenatum.

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Antiseptic effect of vicenin-2 and scolymoside from Cyclopia subternata (honeybush) in response to HMGB1 as a late sepsis mediator in vitro and in vivo

Cited by 6 publications

References 76 publications

Apigenin in the regulation of cholesterol metabolism and protection of blood vessels

Apigenin in the regulation of cholesterol metabolism and protection of blood vessels

Influence of Herbal Medicines on HMGB1 Release, SARS-CoV-2 Viral Attachment, Acute Respiratory Failure, and Sepsis. A Literature Review

Functional analysis of a novel C-glycosyltransferase in the orchid Dendrobium catenatum

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