Antipyretic, anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity of Acacia hydaspica R. Parker and its phytochemical analysis

Abstract

BackgroundInflammation and pain underlies several pathological conditions. Synthetic drugs used for the management of these conditions carry severe toxic effects. Globally efforts are ongoing to introduce novel medicinal plants to develop effective, economic and innocuous drugs. The current study was aimed at investigating the antipyretic, anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity of methanol extract of A. hydaspica aerial parts (AHM) and its active fraction. Furthermore identification and isolation of polyphenolic compounds was carried out to identify the active principles.MethodsYeast induced pyrexia, Paw edema, acetic acid-induced writhing and hot plate test were carried out in vivo. HPLC-DAD analysis and combination of different chromatographic techniques, involving vacuum liquid chromatography (VLC) and flash chromatography (FC) were carried out for chemical characterization. The structural heterogeneity of flavanols was characterized by ESI- MS, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and 2D NMR spectroscopic analyses, and also by comparison with reported literature.ResultsOral administration of A. hydaspica methanol extract (AHM) and A. hydaspica ethyl acetate fraction (AHE), showed dose and time dependent decrease in body temperature in yeast induced pyrexia, comparable to standard, Paracetamol. AHM and AHE (150 mg/kg) significantly (p < 0.001) inhibit pain sensation in various pain models, i.e. acetic acid induced writhing and hot plate test. Similarly AHM and AHE demonstrated an anti-inflammatory effect in carrageenan-induced paw edema in rats and 150 mg/kg dose being distinctly more effective (91.92% inhibition). When studied on prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) induced edema in rats, AHM and AHE showed maximum inhibition of edema at 150 mg/kg after 4 h. HPLC chromatogram of AHM revealed the presence of gallic acid, catechin, rutin and caffeic acid. Chromatographic separation and structure characterization of AHE, has led to the identification of three flavan-3-ol derivative including 7-O-galloyl catechin, +catechin and methyl gallate, which have been reported for the first time in A. hydaspica.ConclusionThese results revealed that the presence of bioactive compounds in A. hydaspica might be responsible for the pharmacological activities, confirming the indigenous utility of A. hydaspica against inflammatory disorders.

Observing Anti-inflammatory and Anti-nociceptive Activities of Glycyrrhizin Through Regulating COX-2 and Pro-inflammatory Cytokines Expressions in Mice

“…Therefore, it is not possible to ascertain whether the antinociception was the central or the peripheral effect by using this test alone. The hot plate test is a well-validated model for evaluating centrally acting analgesic drugs [37,38]. The results of our hot plate test suggested that GL is not a centrally acting analgesic.…”

Anti-Pyretic Properties of Methanolic Bark Extracts of Terminalia brownii in Wistar Rats (Rattus novegicus)

“…These results relate to the findings of [22] who demonstrated a significant antipyretic activity of some medicinal plants from Cholistan desert Pakistan, [23] who affirmed significant antipyretic properties of virgin coconut oil and [24] who showed that Azima tetracantha's friedelin possess significant antipyretic effect. The dose levels of the extract used in the present study to evaluate the antipyretic activity of T. brownii were 50, 100 and 150 mg/kg bw and were similar to those used [17,25,26]. The methanolic bark extracts of T. brownii exhibited a dose-dependent response on the turpentine oil-induced pyrexia in the experimental rats.…”

Analgesic Activity of Dichloromethanolic Root Extract of Clutia abyssinica in Swiss Albino Mice

“…Studies conducted on herbal plants by many researchers have linked presence of secondary active metabolites such as flavonoids, saponins and alkaloids to analgesic activities among other properties [28,29]. Flavonoids have the ability to disrupt synthesis of eicosanoids [30].…”