Antiplasmodial activities of ethanol extracts ofEuphorbia hirtawhole plant andVernonia amygdalinaleaves inPlasmodium berghei-infected mice

Abstract

The African continent is rich in both flora and fauna resources, which have been extensively used locally in the treatment or cure of a wide variety of ailments. Enquiries into traditional folklore revealed that Euphorbia hirta and Vernonia amygdalina possess antiplasmodial properties among others for the treatment of febrile conditions. We therefore investigated the phytochemistry, antimalarial potencies, hepatic toxicities and renal toxicities of the crude ethanol extract of the whole plant of Euphorbia hirta (CEEH) and leaves of Vernonia amygdalina (CEVA) using standard procedures. The obtained results showed that CEEH and CEVA contain flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins and saponins, but not phlobatannins. CEEH and CEVA mildly inhibited P. berghei schizont maturation (44.36% and 37.85%, respectively), while Artesunate Combination Therapy (ACT) was only slightly potent (>50%) against chloroquine-sensitive P. berghei. CEEH significantly decreased ALP, but significantly increased bilirubin. Both extracts significantly increased the albumin and total protein levels compared to infected, untreated animals. Compared to Camosunate ® , CEVA caused further significant increases in creatinine and urea. However, these increases did not indicate organ damage.

Antiplasmodial activity of Vernonia adoensis aqueous, methanol and chloroform leaf extracts against chloroquine sensitive strain of Plasmodium berghei in vivo in mice

“…The highest suppression was recorded in the methanol extract treated mice (83.36% at the oral dose of 600 mg/kg). Previous studies have demonstrated the presence of secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, steroids, saponins, flavonoides, anthraquinones, terpenoids, sterols, diterpenoid, glycosides, tannins and sesquiterpene lactones in Vernonia species [7, 19]. The parasitaemia inhibition could be attributed to the presence of these metabolites.…”

Antiplasmodial and Cytotoxic Activities of Extracts of Selected Medicinal Plants Used to Treat Malaria in Embu County, Kenya

“…Plasmodium berghei , a rodent malaria parasite maintained at the parasite bank of CBRD, KEMRI, was used. The assay protocol was based on Peter's 4-day suppression test [ 17 ]. The parasite strain was maintained by a serial passage of blood from an infected mouse to a naïve mouse.…”

“…Experimental mice were randomly divided into three groups of five consisting of treatment and the controls (positive and negative) [ 17 ]. Each mouse was infected interperitoneally with 0.2 ml inoculum (1% parasitemia).…”

A systematic review on COVID-19 pandemic with special emphasis on curative potentials of Nigeria based medicinal plants

“…Most of the anti-inflammatory, digestive, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective and nephroprotective drugs derived from natural origin have been reported to have antioxidant/radical scavenging mechanism as part of their activity ( Oladele et al., 2020b , c ; Oyewole et al., 2017 ). The ingestion of natural antioxidants has been associated with the reduced risk of cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes and other diseases associated with ageing ( Ajayi et al., 2017 ). Hence, interest has been increased for finding antioxidants of plant source, which are safe and suitable for use in food and/or medicine.…”