Antioxidative effects of exogenous nitric oxide versus antioxidant vitamins on renal ischemia reperfusion injury

Abstract

The objectives of this study were to compare the protective influence of exogenous nitric oxide on renal ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury with that of the antioxidant vitamins C and E. Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups ( n=12 per group). Normal saline solution was given in group 1, a vitamin C (200 mg/kg/d) plus vitamin E (100 mg/kg/d) combination in group 2 for 3 days before operating and Na-nitroprusside (5 mg/kg/d) in group 3 before reperfusion. The left kidneys were exposed to warm ischemia for 40 min followed by reperfusion for 90 min. The right kidneys were used as internal controls. After both kidneys were removed, histopathological examinations were performed, and oxidative and antioxidative parameters were measured. In the postischemic reperfused rat kidneys, the renal lipid peroxidation level was significantly lower, and the renal GSH level higher in the group given Na-nitroprusside compared with groups 1 and 2. Renal specific xanthine oxidase activity was also significantly lower in the group treated with Na-nitroprusside than in the groups given vitamins or saline. There was a significant, negative correlation between lipid peroxidation and reduced glutathione levels. Our results suggest that the exogenous nitric oxide (Na-nitroprusside) inhibits xanthine oxidase, and has more apparent preventive features for renal I/R injury than the antioxidant vitamins C+E.

Protective Effect of Infliximab on Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Damage in Rat Kidney

“…27 Previous studies have shown that I/R causes an increase in MDA levels and a decrease in GSH levels and SOD activity. 28,29 Similarly, we observed a significant decrease in GSH levels and SOD activity and an increase in MDA content during I/R-induced renal injury, making our findings agree with results from previous studies. In our study, infliximab tended to increase SOD activity and GSH levels.…”

The Protective Effects of Ascorbic Acid against Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Male Rats

“…Following decreases in the level of GSH, oxidative stress increases and thereafter cell damage occurs. [36] Similarly, we showed a significant reduction in GSH level in the kidney of rats during I/R. Furthermore, pretreatment with AA prevented the severe depletion of GSH in the renal I/R treated rats.…”

The Protective Effects of Melatonin and Vitamin E against Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats

“…Our finding was similar to that of previous studies. [5,23] Unal et al [5] observed that vitamin C+E had some antioxidative effects on the reperfusion injury, though a statistically significant, positive effect could not be demonstrated in the histopathological evaluations. Also Irmak et al [23] studied the effect of caffeic phenethyl ester (CAPE) on ischemiareperfusion in comparison with vitamin E. Morphological damage was clearly observed in the kidneys of the IR group.…”

“…[5,6] These free radicals can attack a wide variety of cellular components, including DNA, proteins, and membrane lipids. [3] Cellular defense against free radical injury is provided by enzymatic (catalase, superoxide dismutases, and glutathione peroxidase) and nonenzymatic (GSH, vitamin E, vitamin C, and urate) free radical scavenging systems, present in the cell.…”