Antioxidant responses following active and passive smoking of tobacco and electronic cigarettes

Abstract

Context: It has been indicated that acute active and passive tobacco cigarette smoking may cause 22 changes on redox status balance that may result in significant pathologies. However, no study has 23 evaluated the effects of active and passive e-cigarette smoking on redox status of consumers. 24Objective: To examine the acute effects of active and passive e-cigarette and tobacco cigarette smoking 25 on selected redox status markers. 26Methods: Using a randomized single-blind crossover design, 30 participants (15 smokers and 15 non-27 smokers) were exposed to three different experimental conditions. Smokers underwent a control 28 session, an active tobacco cigarette smoking session (smoked 2 cigarettes within 30-min) and an active 29 e-cigarette smoking session (smoked a pre-determined number of puffs within 30-min using a liquid 30 with 11 ng/ml nicotine). Similarly, non-smokers underwent a control session, a passive tobacco 31 cigarette smoking session (exposure of 1 hour to 23±1 ppm of CO in a 60 m 3 environmental chamber) 32 and a passive e-cigarette smoking session (exposure of 1 hour to air enriched with pre-determined 33 number of puffs in a 60 m 3 environmental chamber). Total antioxidant capacity (TAC), catalase activity 34 (CAT) and reduced glutathione (GSH) were assessed in participants' blood prior to, immediately after, 35 and 1-hour post-exposure. Results: TAC, CAT and GSH remained similar to baseline levels immediately 36 after and 1-hour-post exposure (p>0.05) in all trials. Conclusions: Tobacco and e-cigarette smoking 37 exposure do not acutely alter the response of the antioxidant system, neither under active nor passive 38 smoking conditions. Overall, there is not distinction between tobacco an e-cigarette active and passive 39 smoking effects on specific redox status indices. 40

Trends of Lipophilic, Antioxidant and Hematological Parameters Associated with Conventional and Electronic Smoking Habits in Middle-Age Romanians

“…The participants were asked not to smoke before having blood drawn, but studies have indicated that tobacco and e-cigarette smoking exposure does not acutely alter the response of the antioxidant system, neither under active nor passive smoking conditions. It was demonstrated that total antioxidant capacity, catalase activity (CAT) and reduced glutathione (GSH) remained similar to baseline levels immediately after and 1 h-post exposure of persons who smoked two cigarettes within 30 min and a group of active e-cigarette smoking persons who smoked a pre-determined number of puffs in the same time, using a liquid containing 11 ng/mL nicotine [48].…”

Relationship between smoking and total antioxidant status, total oxidant status, oxidative stress index, vit C, vit E

“…Vitamin C plays an important role in the defense of the first antioxidants against oxidant agents in plasma. It is an important antioxidant that reacts with superoxide and hydroxyl radicals and cleans them, and it makes tocopherol radicals turn into tocopherol again . In the study carried out by Tug et al in patients with COPD, it was determined that vitamins A and E levels decreased during the attack and vitamin C level did not change.…”

How close are we to definitively identifying the respiratory health effects of e-cigarettes?

“…The airborne nicotine concentrations emitted by various brands of e-cigarettes ranged from 0.82 to 6.23 μg/m 3 [63]. In non-users who are exposed to secondhand aerosols from e-cigarettes, common respiratory endpoints can include an increase in asthma symptoms and severity, and a higher prevalence of upper and lower respiratory tract symptoms and infections [64,65]. Due to observed changes in indoor air quality, it has been recommended restricting the use of e-cigarettes in all indoor public areas [66].…”