Antioxidant enzyme activity and lipid peroxidation in liver and kidney of rats exposed to microcystin-LR administered intraperitoneally

Induction of oxidative stress and related transcriptional effects of perfluorononanoic acid using an in vivo assessment

“…The decrease in CAT activity may be attributed to the excess of superoxide anion radicals that result from the reduction in SOD activity. In fact, previous study indicated that high production of superoxide anion radicals inhibited CAT activity (Moreno et al, 2005). Catalase serves as a primary defense enzyme against oxidative stress such as hydrogen peroxide generated from peroxisomal β-oxidation of fatty acids.…”

Hepatic Histopathological Characteristics and Antioxidant Response of Phytoplanktivorous Silver Carp Intraperitoneally Injected with Extracted Microcystins

“…At present, there is also evidence that oxidative damage is involved in the development of MCs toxicity in mammals [5][6] . To date, however, the effects of MCs on antioxidant systems of fish have only been observed in Danio rerio embryos [7] , isolated hepatocytes of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) [4] , liver of goldfish (Carassius auratus) and loach (Misgurnus mizolepis) either injected intraperitoneally (i.p.)…”

Mitochondria a key role in microcystin‐LR kidney intoxication

“…This energetic disruption at the mitochondrial level, is mainly responsible for the renal physiological and metabolic alterations reported by several authors (Nobre et al, 2001(Nobre et al, , 2003Milutinovic et al, 2003;Moreno et al, 2005).…”

“…They have demonstrated that in the intestine microcystin-LR and supernatants of macroph-ages stimulated by this toxin were capable of promoting water and electrolytes secretion (Nobre et al, 2004). Acute exposure to MC-LR results in a decrease in the antioxidant enzymes and an increase in lipid peroxidation in rat liver and kidneys, suggesting that oxidative stress has an important role in the pathogenesis of MC-LR-induced toxicity (Ding et al, 1998(Ding et al, , 2000Moreno et al, 2005). Microcystin-LR induces apoptosis in human derived CaCo 2 cell lines and MCF-7 cells via a mechanism similar to that observed for primary rat hepatocytes (Botha et al, 2004).…”