Antioxidant, Antityrosinase, Anticholinesterase, and Nitric Oxide Inhibition Activities of Three Malaysian Macaranga Species

Abstract

The methanol extracts of three Macaranga species (M. denticulata, M. pruinosa, and M. gigantea) were screened to evaluate their total phenolic contents and activities as cholinesterase inhibitors, nitric oxide (NO) production inhibitors, tyrosinase inhibitors, and antioxidants. The bark of M. denticulata showed the highest total phenolic content (2682 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/100 g) and free radical scavenging activity (IC50 = 0.063 mg/mL). All of the samples inhibited linoleic acid peroxidation by greater than 80%, with the leaves of M. gigantea exhibiting the highest inhibition of 92.21%. Most of the samples exhibited significant antioxidant potential. The bark of M. denticulata and the leaves of both M. pruinosa and M. gigantea exhibited greater than 50% tyrosinase inhibition, with the bark of M. denticulata having the highest percentage of inhibition (68.7%). The bark and leaves of M. denticulata exhibited greater than 50% inhibition (73.82% and 54.50%, resp.) of the acetylcholinesterase enzyme (AChE), while none of the samples showed any significant inhibition of butyrylcholinesterase (BChE). Only the bark of M. denticulata and M. gigantea displayed greater than 50% inhibition of nitric oxide production in cells (81.79% and 56.51%, resp.). These bioactivities indicate that some Macaranga spp. have therapeutic potential in medicinal research.

Anthraquinone profile, antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory effect of root extracts of eightAsphodelinetaxa from Turkey: canAsphodelineroots be considered as a new source of natural compounds?

“…A. cilicia has the lowest inhibitory activities on tyrosinase despite the high content of total phenolics, and strong antioxidant properties compared to other tested extracts. These findings were in contrast with the literature 44,45 where was found a correlation between phenolics content and antityrosinase activity. The lack of correlation can result from the difference in mechanism involved.…”

Chemical profile and antiacetylcholinesterase, antityrosinase, antioxidant and α‐glucosidase inhibitory activity of Cynometra cauliflora L. leaves

“…Similarly, there is also a linear correlation between TPC and tyrosinase inhibitory activity with R 2 value of 0.602. The linkage between AChE and tyrosinase inhibitory activity with neuroprotection as well as an antioxidant test system has been established . From our results EtOAc and n ‐BuOH fractions were notably active against all the tested activities.…”

“…The more polar fractions seemed to exhibit a higher activity as compared to the less polar fractions. This may suggest the polarity of the active compounds . The TPC values of methanol extract as well as that in EtOAc, n ‐BuOH and aqueous fractions were relatively high compared to those of the corresponding hexane and DCM fractions.…”

Screening for potential antidiabetes and antioxidant activities of selected plants from East Kalimantan, Indonesia

“…The result of this study differs from Anjum et al (2013) alleged due to according Salim et al (2016) differences in the place of growth of a species affect the precursors of biosynthesis of secondary metabolites that might be effective to their bioactivity. Mazlan et al (2013) and Tajuddin and Zain (2010) reported that M, gigantea and S. ovalis has weak inhibitory activity against free radical DPPH. However, our finding results demonstrated that G.riedeliana and L. splendens are categorized as very strong antioxidant.…”