Antioxidant, antimicrobial activity and phytochemical analysis of the seeds extract of Cucumis sativus Linn

Abstract

The prehistoric interaction of plants and human is being strengthened by the remarkable use of plants as remedy against diseases. Cucumis sativus L. is extensively cultivated globally including Pakistan. The present study was carried out to find the antioxidant, antimicrobial and phytochemical analysis of Cucumis sativus seed extract. Phytochemical analysis of ethanolic extract revealed the presence of flavonoids, terpenoids, tannins, cardiac glycoside, phenols and carbohydrates. 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method was used for antioxidant activity. Crude ethanolic extract showed maximum DPPH scavenging activity of 46.05±1.23 at 500µg/ml, while ascorbic acid showed 92.5%. For Antimicrobial activity against selected bacteria and fungi by agar well diffusion method was used. In the antibacterial activity, crude ethanolic extract was most active against Staphylococcus aureus (21.5mm) and less against Shigella flexneri (17.0mm). The n-haxane fraction was highly active against Salmonella typhi (26mm), DCM against E. coli (16.25mm) and Salmonella typhi showed 16.0mm inhibition with ethyl acetate. Crude extract of ethanol was tested against Alternaria, Acremonium, Verticellium, Pythium and Tricoderma sps. Alternaria showed low zone of inhibition (08mm) while the rest of fungi were highly susceptible with zone of inhibition 15mm, 14mm, 17mm and 15mm respectively. The Pythium spp. was highly susceptible to nhaxane fraction (20.00mm), Acremonium to DCM fraction (20.00mm) and to ethyl acetate (16.00 mm). The results showed significant antimicrobial and antioxidant activity which might be because of flavonoids, terpenoids, tannins and phenols in there, suggesting that C. sativus should be used as an active nutrition to control microbial infections leading to chronic diseases.

Anti-microbial activity of seed extract of Cucumis sativus L., Carica papaya L. and Annona squamosa L.

“…The presence of Flavonoids, phenols, Tannin, Terpenoids, Cardiac glycosides, and Carbohydrates was found on the preliminary phytochemical analysis. Same results were evidenced by Begum et al (2019).…”

Role of hydroxyl benzoic acid foliar spray on amelioration of lead tolerance on Triticum aestivum L.

“…The maximum concentration of lead in whole plant after 21d treatment has been found in T4 (V1) and T5 (V2), whereas the lowest has been reported in T1 (V1) and T4 (V2) respectively. Result is similar with the work of [37,38] that showed Plants' responses to lead exposure are used as tools (biomarkers) in the context of environmental quality assessment. To develop tools for ecological study, understanding the mechanisms involved in plant absorption, transfer and toxicity is essential.…”

Overview of Traditional Use, Phytochemical and Pharmacological Activities of Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)

“…Table 2: Antifungal activity of cucumber seed extract. Zone of inhibition in mm, concentration in μg / mL [11] Antifungal activity was also shown in ethanol extract and chloroform extract of cucumber leaves and stems at a dose of 80 μg / disc compared to the standard drug griseofulvin at a dose of 30 μg / disc, against Aspergillus niger, Blastomyces dermatitis, Candida albicans, Pityrosporum ovale. Trichophyton spp, and Microsporum spp.…”

“…Phytochemical screening of acetone extract from cucumber leaves showed chemical compounds including alkaloids, glycosides, steroids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins [10]. Phytochemical screening of the ethanol extract of cucumber seeds showed chemical compounds in the form of flavonoids, terpenoids, tannins, cardiac glycosides, phenols, and carbohydrates [11]. Phytochemical analysis of the methanol extract of cucumber pulp showed saponins, glycosides, terpenes, phenolics, alkaloids, flavonoids, and tannins [12].…”

“…The results of this study stated that the cucumber seed ethanol extract was the most active in inhibiting Pythium fungi (17.0 mm) and less inhibiting Alternaria fungi (8.0 mm). The N-hexane fraction was very active in inhibiting Pythium (20.0 mm) fungi, DCM (Dichloromethane) was more active in inhibiting Acremonium (20 mm), and ethyl acetate more actively inhibiting Acremonium (16.0 mm) fungi (Table 2) [11]. Table 2: Antifungal activity of cucumber seed extract.…”