Overview of Traditional Use, Phytochemical and Pharmacological Activities of Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)

Abstract

Many herbal plants are used for the treatment and prevention of various diseases. One of them is Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). Cucumber has high nutritional value, so that it can be used as a food source. Cucumber is used in traditional medicine for the treatment of various diseases of the human body. Therefore, it is necessary to explore information regarding the traditional uses, phytochemicals, and cucumbers' pharmacological activities. This review article aims to increase knowledge of the traditional uses, phytochemical content, and cucumbers' pharmacological activity. Data is taken from various sources such as official books, Google Scholar and ResearchGate. This data was taken in the last ten years, starting from 2011-2021. These data search results show that traditionally cucumber can be used in the treatment of various diseases. The cucumber plant's phytochemicals are reported to contain chemical constituents in the form of flavonoids, phenols, carotenoids, steroids, tannins, saponins, alkaloids, terpenoids, resins, and glycosides. Cucumbers also contain carbohydrates, protein, minerals, and vitamins. Pharmacologically, cucumbers are reported to have antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antihepatotoxic, antidiabetic, antifungal, antibacterial, antidiarrheal, and thrombolytic effects. Therefore, it can be concluded that the cucumber plant (Cucumis sativus L) is a plant that is rich in chemical compounds and has the potential to be developed into phytopharmaca, especially as an antihypertensive and antidiabetic drug.

Arthropod Population in The Canopy of Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) Plants in Talang Ilir Hamlet, Banyuasin Regency

“…Buah mentimun dapat dimakan langsung sebagai lalapan atau sebagai bahan makanan olahan seperti acar (Mallick, 2022), mengandung 95% air, 16 Kcal, 16% vitamin K, antioksidan, flavonoid, mineral dan vitamin (Patel & Panigrahi, 2019;Sari et al, 2021;Samad et al, 2022;Grumet et al, 2022). Beberapa penelitian sebagai upaya peningkatan produksi tanaman mentimun telah dilakukan seperti kajian tentang pengaruh pemupukan dalam sistem budidaya (Aritonang et al, 2018;Khoirunnisa et al, 2019;Sallam et al, 2021;Majeed, 2021;Fransisko et al, 2021;Gumelar & Wiguna, 2022;Padang et al, 2023;Handayani et al, 2023), dan penelitian mengenai serangga arthropoda yang terdapat pada budidaya tanaman mentimun (Azad et al, 2013;Painkra et al, 2019;Srinivas et al, 2022).…”

Preliminary investigation of the activity of aqueous <i>Cucumis sativus</i> fruit extract on the prefrontal cortex in Wistar rats

“…Cucumis sativus is reported to have pharmacological properties such as antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antihepatotoxic, antidiabetic, antifungal, antibacterial, antidiarrheal, and thrombolytic effects (Sari et al, 2021). Studies show that flavonoids from medicinal plants possess neuroprotective effects on the brain, such as protection of neurons, suppression of neuroinflammation and promotion of memory, learning and cognitive functions (Vauzour et al, 2008).…”

Toxicity Test of Ethanol Extract of Gagatan Harimau Leaves (Vitis Gracilis BL.) on Artemia Salina Leach Larvae Using Brine Shrimp Lethal Test (BSLT) Method

“…Fruit round or slightly oval measuring ± 2 cm, smooth skin, various colors, sweet and sour flesh containing 2-4 seeds. The culture of the Karo people who live in the area around the Mount Sibuatan area usually uses it to treat several types of diseases [3]. Traditionally Gagatan Harimau leaves (Vitis gracilis BL.)…”

“…Several studies state that species have several properties, including reducing cell inflammation [5], antibacterial pathogens [4] and hepatoprotective [6]. Traditionally, gagatan harimau leaves are also used to treat diarrhea, wounds, diabetes, and as a tonic [3].…”