Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Influenza Properties of Components from Chaenomeles speciosa

Abstract

The fruit of Chaenomeles speciosa is a traditional Chinese medicine used for the treatment of dyspepsia and various inflammatory diseases. In the present study, we evaluated the potential radical scavenging capacity, and activity against nitrous oxide, inflammatory cytokines production and neuramindase (NA) of its isolates. The results showed that 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (1) displayed higher inhibitory activities on DPPH and NA with IC50 values of 1.02 μg/mL and 1.27 μg/mL respectively, and quercetin (2) also showed significant inhibitory action on DPPH and NA, with IC50 values of 3.82 μg/mL and 1.90 μg/mL. Compounds 1, 2 and methyl 3-hydroxybutanedioic ester (3) could inhibit the production of TNF-α by 22.73%, 33.14% and 37.19% at 5 μg/mL (P < 0.05) compared with the control. In addition, compound 2 was found to be active on the release of IL-6 in RAW264.7 macrophage cells, with an inhibitory rate of 39.79% (P < 0.05). The anti-inflammatory effect of compound 3 is disclosed for the first time in this study. Avian influenza is usually accompanied by virus invasion followed by the occurrence of oxidative stress and serious inflammation, so the multiple effects of the isolates may play a cocktail-like role in the treatment of avian influenza, and C. speciosa components, especially quercetin, might be a potent source for anti-viral and anti-inflammatory agents.

Nutraceutical activators of AMPK/Sirt1 axis inhibit viral production and protect neurons from neurodegenerative events triggered during HSV-1 infection

“…In addition, Faith and co-workers showed that the mRNA for two immediate-early genes, ICP0 and ICP4 was reduced at 3hpi, 2.1-and 3.3-fold, respectively, when Rsv was present at a high concentration (219 M). Interestingly, the concentration of Rsv used in both studies was much higher than those used in most studies to induce neuroprotection (0.1−50 M) (Ménard et al, 2013;Zhang et al, 2010;Bastianetto et al, 2014).…”

Ethanolic extract and water-soluble polysaccharide from Chaenomeles speciosa fruit modulate lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide production in RAW264.7 macrophage cells

“…Modern studies have shown that Chaenomeles speciosa has a variety of biological and pharmacological activities such as immunomodulatory, antiinflammatory, antitumor and antioxidant effects (Dai et al, 2003;Xie et al, 2007;Zhang et al, 2010). Evidence has suggested that glycosides, proteins, amino acid derivatives, tannins and other organic acids are the main bioactive components of Chaenomeles speciosa fruits (Chen et al, 2000;Chen and Wei, 2003;Li and He, 2005).…”

Antioxidative Effect and Neuraminidase Inhibitory Activity of Polyphenols Isolated from a New Korean Red Waxy Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. cv. Hwanggeumchalsusu)

“…To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate the ability of compounds 7 and 8 to inhibit ND activity. Compound 9 is a known ND inhibitor [9,24], and was used as a positive control. The ND inhibitory activity of compound 8 was slightly lower than that of compound 9 and similar to that of compound 7.…”

“…The free radicals damage DNA, RNA, and proteins, leading to different types of tissue injuries [1,10]. Antiviral agents taken together with antioxidants, antiinflammatory agents, or both demonstrate enhanced activity [8,24]. Therefore, compounds that act as antioxidants and ND inhibitors may serve as powerful therapeutics to control influenza virus.…”