Antioxidant, anti-collagenase and anti-elastase activities of Phyllanthus emblica, Manilkara zapota and silymarin: an in vitro comparative study for anti-aging applications

Abstract

Context Phyllanthus emblica L. (Euphorbiaceae) (amla), Manilkara zapota L.P. Royen (Sapotaceae) (sapota) and silymarin are reported to contain antioxidant effects. However, information on other biological activities relating to the anti-aging properties is limited. Objective To compare in vitro antioxidants, anti-collagenase (MMP-1 and MMP-2) and anti-elastase properties as well as the phenolic and flavonoid contents of amla, sapota and silymarin as potential anti-aging ingredients. Materials and methods The ethanol amla and sapota fruit extracts were prepared by three cycles of maceration with 24 h duration each. The total phenolic (TPC) and flavonoid (TFC) contents were determined. The antioxidant capacity was evaluated by DPPH and ABTS assays. The effects of MMP-1, MMP-2 and elastase inhibitions were determined by using the EnzChek Õ assay kits (Molecular-Probes, Eugene, OR). Results Amla exhibited the highest in TPC (362.43 ± 11.2 mg GAE/g) while silymarin showed the highest in TFC (21.04 ± 0.67 mg QE/g). Results of antioxidant activity by DPPH and ABTS methods showed that amla possessed the most potent capacity with IC 50 values of 1.70 ± 0.07 and 4.45 ± 0.10 mg/mL, respectively. Highest inhibitions against MMP-1, MMP-2 and elastase were detected for sapota with IC 50 values of 89.61 ± 0.96, 86.47 ± 3.04 and 35.73 ± 0.61 mg/mL, respectively. Discussion and conclusion Test extracts offered anti-aging properties in different mechanisms. Amla showed the highest phenolic content and antioxidant property with moderate anticollagenase. Silymarin exhibited measurable flavonoid content with anti-elastase effect. Sapota showed the highest collagenase and elastase inhibitions with moderate antioxidant effect. Thus, extracts might be added as a mixture to gain the overall anti-aging effects.ARTICLE HISTORY

Development of a Natural Anti-Age Ingredient Based on Quercus pubescens Willd. Leaves Extract—A Case Study

“…Several injections were realized and successive polar/less polar fractions were respectively pulled together to recover enough material to assess their bioactivities the same way as the one of Oak1. Positive relationships were also observed between anti-hyaluronidase activity and phenolic content in the cases of fractions Oak1_F4 and Oak1_F5, as well as between anti-elastase activity and flavonoid content in the cases of fraction Oak1_F3 and to a lesser extent, of fraction Oak1_F4, as previously stated in the literature [52,54].…”

“…The crude extract Oak1, as well as fractions Oak1_F4 and Oak1_F5, all presenting a strong anti-oxidant potency, appear to be quite rich in polyphenolic compounds; such correlation between chemical composition and antioxidant activity was already reported in the literature [50][51][52]. HPLC-ESI-MS analysis of fraction Oak1_F4 reveals that it is mainly constituted of catechin, a flavanol already known to act as a powerful antioxidant [53].…”

Antioxidant and Antiaging Assays ofHibiscus sabdariffaExtract and Its Compounds

“…Collagenase is responsible for extracellular matrix (ECM), 42 that inhibit retention of skin elasticity and tensile strength of the skin. 43 The present study showed that HSE has low activity in collagenase assay (17.24%) compared to myricetin (99.31%) and was comparable with ascorbic acid (27.10%) and β-carotene (11.42%) at the highest concentration ( Fig.…”

Antioxidant and Anti-Collagenase Activity of Sargassum Plagyophyllum Extract as an Anti-Wrinkle Cosmetic Ingredient

“…Relationship between anti-collagenase activity extracts and concentration of the extracts can be seen in Figure 4. Pientaweeratch 27 revealed that extracts offered anti-aging or anti-wrinkle properties in different mechanisms. Amla showed moderate anti-collagenase activity with the highest phenolic content and antioxidant property.…”

“…Sapota showed the higher anticollagenase activity and anti-elastase activity with moderate antioxidant effect. 27 Thus, extracts might be added as a mixture to gain the anti-wrinkle effects. Study on phenolic content might be related to the antioxidants of an extract but has no correlation with anti-proteinase activity 27,28 for the example pomegranate showed no phenolic content but observed inhibit 50% collagenase at 0.5 µl of pomegranate peel extract.…”