Antioxidant and Antimutagenic Activity of Dietary Chlorophyll Derivatives Determined by Radical Scavenging and Bacterial Reverse Mutagenesis Assays

Abstract

In vitro antioxidant and antimutagenic activity of dietary chlorophyll derivatives was assessed. Antioxidant activity was determined by the ability of each compound to scavenge the long-lived free radicals 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH · ) and 2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) (ABTS ·+ ). Antimutagenic activity was assayed with a modified microscreen bacterial reverse mutagenicity assay using Salmonella typhimurium TA100 and benzo[a]pyrene as the tester strain and mutagen respectively. Derivatives of chlorophyll a were found to be more effective radical quenchers than those of chlorophyll b. Furthermore, metal-free derivatives such as chlorins, pheophytins, and pyropheophytins exhibited significantly lower antiradical capacity than metalloderivatives such as Mg-chlorophylls, Zn-pheophytins, Zn-pyropheophytins, Cu-pheophytin a, and Cu-chlorophyllins. Both metal-free and metallo-chlorophyll derivatives demonstrated similar dose-dependent inhibitory activity against B[a]P induced mutagenesis. These results demonstrate that dietary chlorophyll derivatives prevalent in both fresh and processed foods and dietary supplements have antioxidant and antimutagenic activities.

Antioxidant activities of lead (Leucaena leucocephala) seed as affected by extraction solvent, prior dechlorophyllisation and drying methods

“…It has been reported that chlorophyll had in vitro antioxidative activity as determined by DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities. Activity was governed by form or derivatives of chlorophylls (Ferruzzi et al 2002). Also, chelated metal in porphyrin ring was a prime factor determining antioxidative activity (Lanfer-Marquez et al 2005).…”

Antioxidants and Their Importance During Muscular Exercise: A Review

“…The wellknown flavonoids are quercetin, catechins, and resveratrol, and they have received great scientific attention. Quercetin supplementation increases mitochondrial biogenesis of exercise skeletal muscle [81,96].…”

“…Green, leafy vegetables collect light and energy by photosynthesis, and transform it into a powerful compound called chlorophyll. Sunlight and chlorophyll are our best friends [1,44,96,97]. The basic structure of chlorophyll is a porphyrin ring similar to that of heme in hemoglobin, although the central atom in chlorophyll is magnesium instead of iron.…”

Yield, Keeping Quality, Antioxidant Content and Some Nutritional Aspects of Selected Accessions of AmaranthusTricolor

“…Amaranth has been reported as one of the many vegetables to be rich in antioxidant components [16]. Carotenoids, ascorbic acid, flavonoids, chlorophylls and its derivatives [17] and phenolic compounds are some of the components which contribute to antioxidant activity through their ability to neutralize free radicals by donor electron, without becoming active free radicals [18]. Anthocyanins in red colour vegetables are reported to contribute significantly to antioxidant activity [19].…”