Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Potential of Galing Stem Extract (Cayratia trifolia Domin)

Abstract

Galing (Cayratia trifolia Domin.) have been used empirically to treat various diseases, one of them is antidiabetic. Objective: To determine the phytochemical content and the activity of the ethanol extract of the galing stem as antioxidant and antidiabetic. Method: The galing stem extract was investigated for phytochemical by Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) and its antioxidant activity using DPPH scavenging activity assay. In vivo, antidiabetic test was conducted by animal diabetes modeling that has given streptozotocin 150 g/kg BW and 10% of sucrose solution intraperitoneally. The average level of fasting blood glucose at 307 mg/dL. Mice were divided into 6 groups, normal control group, diabetes induction group, positive group (treated by glibenclamide) and treatment group consisted of three groups were treated by ethanol extract of galing stem in dose 400, 500, and 600 mg/kg BW, respectively. Mice treated with appropriate doses of each treatment once a day for 7 days. The measuring blood glucose level was using a photometer 5010V5+. Results: The ethanol extract of galing stem contained the alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, tannin, and triterpene. It is potential as an antioxidant with the IC 50 61,52 mg/L which indicated that the extract had strong antioxidant. The antidiabetic activity showed that the effect of extract 400 and 500 mg/kg BW are not different significantly with glibenclamide in reducing blood glucose levels subset of the statistics ANOVA (p> 0.05). Conclusion: The ethanol extract of galing steam is potent as an antioxidant due to the phytochemical content inside particularly the flavonoid compound. Key words: Antioxidant, Antidiabetic, Galing stem, Mice, Phytochemical. Indonesian people as traditional medicine is galing (Cayratia trifolia Domin). The roots of galing have been used empirically to treat various diseases, such as poultice on boil surface. The seeds infuse and galing bulbs extract traditionally been used for diabetic patients to lower the blood sugar levels, galing also has efficacious as anti-diuretic, anti-tumor, neuralgia, and splenopathy. The bulbs commonly are used in snakebite treatment. 7 Research conducted by Batra et al. 8 showed that flavonoids contained by the galing roots have antidiabetic effect which improves pancreatic β-cells that have been damaged. 8 However, the activity of galing stem as antidiabetic has not been tested scientifically. Therefore we are interested in conducting the antioxidant activity and antidiabetic effects of stem galing ethanol extract in mice by of streptozotocin inducing method. 687 0.1 M, FeCl 3 1%, sucrose 10%, citrate buffer and TLC silica gel plate of 60 GF254 was purchased from Merck. Distilled water was obtained through a Millipore-Q50 Ultrapure water system (Sartorius). The stock solution of DPPH (c = 100 mg/L) was prepared by dissolving 5 μg of DPPH with 20 ml ethanol and diluted to 50 ml. The stock solution of ascorbic acid (c = 100 mg/L) was prepared by dissolving 5 mg with 10 ml ethanol and diluted to 50 ml in the flask. M...

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