Antimutagenic and antioxidant activity of the essential oils of Citrus sinensis and Citrus latifolia

Abstract

The essential oils of Citrus sinensis and Citrus latifolia showed antimycotic activity against Candida spp. isolated from the oral cavity; they are neither mutagenic on the Ames test nor cytotoxic. Their main components are R-(+)-limonene, β-thujene, α-myrcene and γ-terpinene. The aim of this work was to evaluate their antimutagenic and antioxidant capacities. Antimutagenic properties were evaluated against MNNG and ENNG on S. typhimurium TA100; against 2AA on strain TA98 and in front of 4NQO and NOR on strain TA102. Both were antimutagenic against MNNG (p < 0.001) but only C. latifolia was antimutagenic against ENNG (p < 0.001). Both presented antimutagenic activity against 2AA (p < 0.001). They were antioxidant against the ROS-generating compound 4NQO (p < 0.001) and the antibiotic NOR (p < 0.001). In the antioxidant evaluation, the activity in DPPH assay was in a range of 6–23% for C. sinensis and of 22–71% for C. latifolia. Both were antioxidant compared with BHT in β-carotene bleaching assay and were able to decreased apoptosis in HaCat cells stimulated with H2O2. The levels of intracellular superoxide ion were lower in the presence of both oils. In conclusion, the essential oils of C. sinensis and C. latifolia are antimutagenic against at least three types of mutagens and have antioxidants properties.

Dietary limonCitrus × latifoliafruit peel essential oil improves antioxidant capacity of tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) juveniles

“…In the current study, a significant augmentation of the hepatic LPO content of tambaqui fed 2.0 ml EOCL/kg diet was observed, indicating the occurrence of lipid damage, which is contrast to the study by Toscano‐Garibay et al.,(2017), who reported that EOCL (200 µl) in vitro presented potent antioxidant capacity through the reduction of lipid damage in cells. It is important to emphasis that alterations in the antioxidant/oxidant status can be dose‐dependent, since the lower EOCL concentrations did not alter LPO content of tambaqui liver and muscle.…”

Essential Oils and Mono/bi/tri-Metallic Nanocomposites as Alternative Sources of Antimicrobial Agents to Combat Multidrug-Resistant Pathogenic Microorganisms: An Overview

“…On the other hand, natural products present in medicinal plants like EOs shows significant antioxidants performance from different plant source. The EOs obtained from Zanthoxylum alatum, Ammodaucus leucotrichus, Marrubium globosum, Citrus sinensis and Citrus latifolia, Lawsonia inermis, Thymus fontanesii, Artemisia herba-alba and Rosmarinus officinalis, Syzygium aromaticum L., Origanum vulgare L., Mentha spicata L., and Eremanthus erythropappus M showed promising antioxidant activity [132][133][134][135][136][137].…”

Citrus Extract Improves the Absorption and Utilization of Nitrogen and Gut Health of Piglets

“…Means in the same row with different superscripts differ (p < 0.05). 1 CON: basal diet; 2 ANTI: CON + 75 g/t chlortetracycline; 3 CE: CON + 300 mL/t citrus extract; 4 SEM means standard error of the mean; 5 EAA: essential amino acids; 6 NEAA: non-essential amino acids; 7 ΣEAA = Total essential amino acids; 8 ΣNEAA = Total non-essential amino acids; 9 ΣAA = Total amino acids.…”

“…Hesperidin, for example, can prevent intestinal inflammation in mice [4]. Citrus extract (CE) has various biological functions, including anti-cancer [5], anti-bacterial [6,7], anti-oxidant [7,8], and anti-inflammatory [9,10]. Its strong anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects are especially valuable in improving animal health [9,11].…”