Antimutagenic and anticlastogenic effects of Turkish Black Tea on TA98 and TA100 strains of Salmonella typhimurium ( in vitro ) and mice ( in vivo )

Abstract

Context: Black tea has been reported to have significant antimutagenic and anticarcinogenic properties associated with its polyphenols theaflavins (TF) and thearubigins (TR). Similarly, Turkish black tea (TBT) also contains a considerable amount of TF and TR.Objective: This study investigated the mutagenic, antimutagenic and anticlastogenic properties of TBT.Materials and methods: The mutagenic and antimutagenic effects of TBT (10 to 40000 μg/plate) were investigated in vitro on Salmonella strains TA98 and TA100 with and without S9 fraction. Anticlastogenic effect was studied at concentrations of 300–1200 mg/kg TBT extract by chromosomal aberrations (CA) assay from bone marrow of mice.Results: The results of this study did not reveal any mutagenic properties of TBT. On the contrary, TBT extract exhibited antimutagenic activity at >1000 μg/plate concentrations in TA98 strain with and without S9 activation (40% inhibition with S9 and 27% without S9). In TA100 strain, the antimutagenic activity was observed at >20,000 μg/plate TBT extracts without S9 activation (28% inhibition) and at >1000 μg/plate with S9 activation (59% inhibition). A significant decrease in the percentage of aberrant cells (12.33% ± 1.27) was observed in dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) plus highest concentration (1200 mg/kg) of TBT extract-treated group when compared to only DMBA-treated group (17.00% ± 2.28).Discussion and conclusion: Results indicated that TBT can be considered as genotoxically safe, because it did not exert any mutagenic and clastogenic effects. As a result, TBT exhibited antimutagenic effects more apparently after metabolic activation in bacterial test system and had an anticlastogenic effect in mice.

Elucidation of biological properties of some commercial anthraquinones: Mutagenic / antimutagenic and antimicrobial activity approaches

“…This results showed that inhibition of mutagenic substrates, which needs metabolic activation, such as 2-AA and 2-AF in our study can be attributed to inhibition of cytochrome P450 isoenzymes. Also Charehsaz et al [41] and Mocan et al [42] indicated that protective effects of plant extracts increased in the presence of S9 metabolic activation system by inhibiting cytochrome P450 monooxygenases.…”

Cytotoxic, antioxidative, genotoxic and antigenotoxic effects of Horchata, beverage of South Ecuador

“…This could be due to an interaction with the genotoxic agents. However, when we tested different times between HRCHs and the alkylating agent, the anticlastogenic effect is maintained by HRCH 7 similar to various phytochemicals [ 62 – 65 , 67 – 70 ]. Oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, and genomic instability events are predisposing factors for neoplastic transformation [ 71 – 73 ], and perturbation of these events may interfere with the malignant progression of cells.…”

Protective Effect ofNigella sativaandNigella damascenaFixed Oils Against Aflatoxin Induced Mutagenicity in the Classical and Modified Ames Test

“…The number of revertant colonies grown on plates containing AFB1 without NSO and NDO was defined as 100 %, which means 0 % inhibition. The percentage of inhibition was calculated according to the method described previously [38] . The antimutagenic effect was considered moderate and strong when the inhibitory effects were 25–40 % and more than 40 %, respectively.…”

“…The percentage of inhibition was calculated according to the method described previously. [38] The antimutagenic effect was considered moderate and strong when the inhibitory effects were 25 -40 % and more than 40 %, respectively. Inhibitory effect less than 25 % was considered as weak and was not recognized as a positive result.…”

“…Inhibitory effect less than 25 % was considered as weak and was not recognized as a positive result. [38] For modified antimutagenicity Ames assay, the bacteria, AFB1 and S9 metabolic activation system were pre-incubated for 20 min in a shaking water bath (WiseBath, Korea) at 37 °C. Then, microsomal metabolism was terminated by addition of 100 μl of dione (900 μM) and incubated with NSO and NDO at different concentrations for 20 min.…”