Antimicrobial use in Belgian broiler production

Persoons, Davy; Dewulf, Jeroen; Smet, Annemieke; Herman, Lieve; Heyndrickx, Marc; Martel, An; Catry, Boudewijn; Butaye, Patrick; Haesebrouck, Freddy

doi:10.1016/j.prevetmed.2012.02.020

Cited by 94 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Amoxicillin and trimethoprim-sulfadiazine were under-dosed with ratios of 0.73 and 0.68, respectively. These results differ from the Belgian study of Persoons et al (2012) who reported slight overdosing for amoxicillin and trimethoprim-sulphonamides with UDD/DDD ratio of 1.3 for both antimicrobials.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

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Consumption of antibacterial molecules in broiler production in Morocco

Rahmatallah

Rhaffouli

Amine

et al. 2018

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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Monitoring the use of antibacterial agents in food-producing animals is crucial in order to reduce antimicrobial resistance, selection and dissemination of resistant bacterial strains, and drug residues in the animal food products. The broiler production sector is considered a great consumer of antibacterials and incriminated in the rise of antimicrobial resistance level in zoonotic bacterial pathogens such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella and Campylobacter. Following recommendations from the OIE and WHO, a survey was conducted about the use and consumption of several antibacterial agents in Moroccan broiler flocks. More than 5 million broilers were randomly surveyed at the prescriber level, that is, via the veterinary clinics involved in their health management. The results showed that 93% of the flocks received at least one antibacterial treatment of minimum 3 days duration. Enrofloxacin, colistin and trimethoprim/sulphonamides were the most used antibacterials followed by oxytetracycline, florfenicol and amoxicillin. Oxytetracycline, enrofloxacin and colistin were overdosed in most of the administration, while amoxicillin and the combination of trimethoprim/sulphonamides were under-dosed. The total amount of antibacterial consumed in the survey was 63.48 mg/kg and the Animal Level of Exposure to Antimicrobials (ALEA) was 94.45%. The reasons for this frequent use were related mainly to the poor quality of broiler production management. Chicks and animal feed provided to producers were of variable quality. Management of rearing stock density was often poor and biosecurity inadequate, and broilers were challenged by a high prevalence of infectious diseases.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…The UDD/DDD ratio is a method for assessing the correctness of antimicrobial dosing (Persoons et al 2012). In our survey, oxytetracycline was the most markedly overdosed drug with a UDD/DDD ratio of 4.25.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Consumption of antibacterial molecules in broiler production in Morocco

Rahmatallah

Rhaffouli

Amine

et al. 2018

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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“…Multiresistant isolates were more frequent in 3GC-resistant E. coli isolates from TB flocks (66.1%) than from NTB flocks (35.9%) (P Ͻ 0.01). Among the 50 isolates, which were resistant to four or five antimicrobial classes, 29 were resistant to all five tested classes. These pentaresistant isolates originated mainly from treated flocks (24 out of 29 flocks), especially from broiler flocks (21 out of 24).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Third-Generation-Cephalosporin Administration in Hatcheries on Fecal Escherichia coli Antimicrobial Resistance in Broilers and Layers

Baron

Jouy

Larvor

et al. 2014

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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We investigated the impact of the hatchery practice of administering third-generation cephalosporin (3GC) on the selection and persistence of 3GC-resistant Escherichia coli in poultry. We studied 15 3GC-treated (TB) and 15 non-3GC-treated (NTB) broiler flocks and 12 3GC-treated (TL) and 10 non-3GC-treated (NTL) future layer flocks. Fecal samples from each flock were sampled before arrival on the farm (day 0), on day 2, on day 7, and then twice more. E. coli isolates were isolated on MacConkey agar without antibiotics and screened for 3GC resistance, and any 3GC-resistant E. coli isolates were further analyzed. 3GC-resistant E. coli isolates were found in all 3GC-treated flocks on at least one sampling date. The percentages of 3GC-resistant E. coli isolates were significantly higher in TB (41.5%) than in NTB (19.5%) flocks and in TL (49.5%) than in NTL (24.5%) flocks. In the day 2 samples, more than 80% of the E. coli strains isolated were 3GC resistant. 3GC-resistant E. coli strains were still detected at the end of the follow-up period in 6 out of 27 3GC-treated and 5 out of 25 non-3GC-treated flocks. Many 3GC-resistant E. coli strains were resistant to tetracycline, and there were significant differences in the percentages of resistance to sulfamethoxazoletrimethoprim, streptomycin, or gentamicin between treated and nontreated flocks. bla CTX-M and bla CMY-2 were the most frequently detected genes. These results clearly demonstrated that 3GC-resistant strains are introduced early in flocks and that the use of 3GC in hatcheries promotes the selection of 3GC-resistant E. coli. Measures must be implemented to avoid the spread and selection of 3GC-resistant strains.T hird-generation cephalosporins (3GC) have been classified as "critically important antimicrobials" in human medicine by the World Health Organization. In many European countries, there has been a dramatic increase in the prevalence of 3GC-resistant Escherichia coli in broilers and broiler meat (1-3), and these isolates are considered of public health concern.Several studies have suggested a possible link between use of 3GC in hatcheries and the increase in 3GC resistance in E. coli. The presence of these resistant isolates in the broiler production pyramid has been recently demonstrated (2, 4). 3GC antimicrobials are sometimes used to control the early mortality rate associated with E. coli. It is automatically administered in ovo to broilers (5) or by subcutaneous injection to 1-day-old future layers (6), together with Marek's disease vaccination. It is strongly suspected that use at hatcheries is responsible for the increase in 3GC resistance in poultry production (3,7,8). However, to our knowledge, no direct evidence of this potential cause-effect relationship has been published.The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of hatchery use of 3GC on the selection and persistence of 3GC-resistant E. coli in poultry intestinal flora throughout the lifetime of the birds, by comparing flocks of broilers and future laying hens (layers) that ha...

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“…Antibiotics are administered to food animals including poultry by several different routes including injections, orally in feed and water. Commonly employed antibiotics for preventative and therapeutic purposes in poultry are chlortetracycline (Athar & Ahmad, 1996;Kodimalar et al, 2014), furazolidones (Oluwasile et al, 2014), fluroroquinolones (Anderson & Macgowan 2003;Luangtongkum et al, 2006;Martinez et al 2006;Billah et al, 2015), oxytetracycline (Adel Feizi, 2013), sulphonamides (Persoons et al, 2012), gentamicin (Alm El Dein & Elhearon, 2010), Quinolones (Naeem et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring alternatives to antibiotics as health promoting agents in poultry- a review

Yadav¹,

Kolluri²,

Gopi³

et al. 2016

JEBAS

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Poultry industry has undergone rapid growth during last three decades. For which even higher usage of antibiotics, both as growth promoters as well as therapeutic agents, has been adopted. However, due to the fear of resistance development in bacterial populations to antibiotics, presence of antibiotic residues in poultry products and increasing consumer demand for products free from antibiotic residues, search for alternatives that could replace antibiotics without causing loss to productivity or product quality has accelerated. Such alternatives in poultry include the use of organic acids, probiotic microorganisms, prebiotic substrates that benefit proliferation of beneficial bacterial populations or synbiotic (combinations of prebiotics and probiotics) ensuring better production and maintaining health of the birds. Others include vitamins and minerals, herbal drugs, plant extracts, phytobiotics and antimicrobial peptides. Probiotic organisms provides competition to pathogenic organisms for intestinal colonizing sites, reduce the diversion of nutrients for harmful microbes and the toxins produced by them and stimulates the immune systems. Similarly, prebiotic offers an alternative, as it alters the intestinal microbes and immune system to reduce colonization by pathogens and allows proliferation of beneficial microflora in the gut. Even using synbiotic is a better strategy for enhancing poultry production, however, more research is needed for selection of probiotic, prebiotics or synbiotics either alone or in combination that can result in the selection of strains capable of performing effectively in the gastrointestinal tract. The contents of this review will be useful for researchers to enrich their knowledge on alternatives of antibiotics in poultry birds without compromising performance of birds and bird welfare.

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Antimicrobial use in Belgian broiler production

Cited by 94 publications

References 18 publications

Consumption of antibacterial molecules in broiler production in Morocco

Consumption of antibacterial molecules in broiler production in Morocco

Impact of Third-Generation-Cephalosporin Administration in Hatcheries on Fecal Escherichia coli Antimicrobial Resistance in Broilers and Layers

Exploring alternatives to antibiotics as health promoting agents in poultry- a review

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