Antimicrobial usage among hospitalized children in Latvia: A neonatal and pediatric antimicrobial point prevalence survey

Sviestiņa, Inese; Mozgis, Dzintars

doi:10.1016/j.medici.2014.08.005

Cited by 18 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(24 reference statements)

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“…In the global Antibiotic Resistance and Prescribing in European Children (ARPEC) PPS study conducted in 2012, involving 226 hospitals from 41 countries, the overall percentage of hospitalized children on antimicrobials was 42.5%, which was much lower than the 61.5% in our study [ 8 ]. The percentage of patients on antimicrobials in our study was higher than reported in Turkey (54.6%) [ 9 ], Italy (47%) [ 10 ], Australia (46%) [ 11 ], the United Kingdom (40.9%) [ 12 ], Latvia (39%) [ 13 ], and the United States (33%) [ 14 ]. However, it was lower than in Iran (66.6%) [ 15 ] and China (78.2%) [ 16 ].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 72%

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Point Prevalence Surveys of Antimicrobial Use among Hospitalized Children in Six Hospitals in India in 2016

et al. 2017

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The prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in India is among the highest in the world. Antimicrobial use in inpatient settings is an important driver of resistance, but is poorly characterized, particularly in hospitalized children. In this study, conducted as part of the Global Antimicrobial Resistance, Prescribing, and Efficacy in Neonates and Children (GARPEC) project, we examined the prevalence of and indications of antimicrobial use, as well as antimicrobial agents used among hospitalized children by conducting four point prevalence surveys in six hospitals between February 2016 and February 2017. A total of 681 children were hospitalized in six hospitals across all survey days, and 419 (61.5%) were prescribed one or more antimicrobials (antibacterials, antivirals, antifungals). Antibacterial agents accounted for 90.8% (547/602) of the total antimicrobial prescriptions, of which third-generation cephalosporins (3GCs) accounted for 38.9% (213/547) and penicillin plus enzyme inhibitor combinations accounted for 14.4% (79/547). Lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) was the most common indication for prescribing antimicrobials (149 prescriptions; 24.8%). Although national guidelines recommend the use of penicillin and combinations as first-line agents for LRTI, 3GCs were the most commonly prescribed antibacterial agents (55/149 LRTI prescriptions; 36.9%). In conclusion, 61.5% of hospitalized children were on at least one antimicrobial agent, with excessive use of 3GCs. Hence there is an opportunity to limit their inappropriate use.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 72%

“…LRTI was the most common indication for prescribing antimicrobials, a finding consistent with PPSs among hospitalized children in several other countries [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ]. Third-generation cephalosporins were the most commonly prescribed antibiotics for LRTI in this study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Point Prevalence Surveys of Antimicrobial Use among Hospitalized Children in Six Hospitals in India in 2016

et al. 2017

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“…Still the figure for injections appears to be high and calls for investigation through prescription audit and formulation of antibiotic guidelines. Comparative concerns have been voiced in a recent latvian investigation on antibiotic usage among hospitalized children, including neonates [24]. The near 100% generic prescribing is a desirable situation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic Use in Pediatric Infections; A Study in Tertiary Care Hospital

Gungam¹,

Yadav²,

Junapudi³

2018

IJCBR

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Objectives: Antibiotics are frequently used in tertiary care hospitals. We conducted an observational study on children admitted to a teaching hospital in south India, to make a profile of antibiotics use and suspected adverse drug reactions (ADRs) owing to them. Methods: Hospitalized children of either sex, aged between 1 month and 12 years, were inspected. Baseline demographic and clinical features, duration of hospital stay, antibiotics received in hospital along with dosing and indications and interest of suspected ADRs attributable to their use were recorded. Every patient was followed up till discharge, admission to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, or passing. Results: Over the year and a half report period 364 confirmations were screened. The prevalence of Antibiotics use was 80.22%. The majority of the 292 children who received Antibiotics were males (63.35%). Median age was 35 months, five children died. In most instances, either two (41%) or a single antibiotic (37.32%) was used. Ceftriaxone, co-amoxiclav, amikacin, vancomycin, and ampicillin were predominantly used. Antimalarials, antivirals and antiprotozoals were used occasionally. Average number of Antibiotics per patient was 2.2± 1.1 the majority (81.15%) were by parenteral route and initial choice was usually empirical. Prescriptions were usually in generic name. The antibiotic treatment went somewhere in the range of 1 and 32days, with a middle of 8 days. Five ADRs were noted of which half were skin rash and the rest loose stools. Conclusions: The profile of Antibiotic utilize is comprehensively like prior Indian investigations. Apparent overuse of multiple Antibiotics per prescription and the parenteral route requires exploration. Antibiotics are being used empirically in the absence of policy. ADRs to Antibiotics are occasional and usually mild. The benchmark information can serve in situation analysis for antibiotic prescribing guidelines.Keywords: Antibiotic; Pediatric infections; Adverse drug reactions; Tertiary care hospital.

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“…Similar concerns have been voiced in a recent Latvian study on antimicrobial usage among hospitalized children, including neonates. [21] The near 100% generic prescribing is a desirable situation. We feel that this owes to a large extent on local government policy that seeks to enforce generic prescribing in public hospitals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study of antimicrobial use in children admitted to pediatric medicine ward of a tertiary care hospital

et al. 2017

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Antimicrobial usage among hospitalized children in Latvia: A neonatal and pediatric antimicrobial point prevalence survey

Abstract: We identified a few problematic areas, which need improvement: the high use of third-generation cephalosporins for pediatric patients, prolonged surgical prophylaxis, predominant use of parenteral antibiotics and an urgent need for local antibiotic guidelines.

Cited by 18 publications

References 23 publications

Point Prevalence Surveys of Antimicrobial Use among Hospitalized Children in Six Hospitals in India in 2016

Point Prevalence Surveys of Antimicrobial Use among Hospitalized Children in Six Hospitals in India in 2016

Antibiotic Use in Pediatric Infections; A Study in Tertiary Care Hospital

A study of antimicrobial use in children admitted to pediatric medicine ward of a tertiary care hospital

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