Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profiles and Molecular Typing of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli Isolates from Ducks in South Korea

Abstract

Campylobacter is a food-borne zoonotic pathogen that causes human gastroenteritis worldwide. Campylobacter bacteria are commensal in the intestines of many food production animals, including ducks and chickens. The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of Campylobacter species in domestic ducks, and the agar dilution method was used to determine resistance of the isolates to eight antibiotics. In addition, multilocus sequence typing (MLST) was performed to determine the sequence types (STs) of selected Campylobacter isolates. Between May and September 2012, 58 duck farms were analyzed, and 56 (96.6%) were positive for Campylobacter. Among the isolates, 82.1% were Campylobacter jejuni, 16.1% were C. coli, and one was unidentified by PCR. Of the 46 C. jejuni isolates, 87.0%, 10.9%, and 21.7% were resistant to ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, and azithromycin, respectively. Among the C. coli isolates, all 9 strains were resistant to ampicillin, and 77.8% and 33.3% were resistant to ciprofloxacin and azithromycin, respectively. The majority of the Campylobacter isolates were classified as multidrug resistant. Twenty-eight STs were identified, including 20 STs for C. jejuni and 8 STs for C. coli. The most common clonal complexes in C. jejuni were the ST-21 complex and the ST-45 complex, while the ST-828 complex predominated in C. coli. The majority of isolates were of STs noted in ducks and humans from earlier studies, along with seven STs previously associated only with human disease. These STs overlapped between duck and human isolates, indicating that Campylobacter isolates from ducks should be considered potential sources of human infection.

Molecular Characterization, Antimicrobial Resistance and Caco-2 Cell Invasion Potential of Campylobacter jejuni/coli from Young Children with Diarrhea

“…Because of the lack of large enough data to be representative of the diversity of C. jejuni in China, more studies need to be carried out to determine such differences. Most C. coli isolates belonged to ST-828 complex in our study, which correlated well with other studies in China, 39 South Korea, 37 America, 40 Portugal 41 and the Mediterranean area. 42 Surveillance programs monitoring antimicrobial resistance of Campylobacter and other foodborne pathogens have been established in several countries.…”

“…Interestingly, for C. jejuni, ST-464 and ST-574 were the most predominant CC in this study. However, neither of the 2 lineages were identified among isolates from clinical samples in north China 36 and ducks in South Korea, 37 where ST-21 was the most predominant lineage. Although 1 isolate belonging to ST-574 was reported previously, it was not the predominant one, 38 suggesting ST-464 and ST-574 might be lineages more likely to infect children, or perhaps regional difference exists.…”

Molecular Detection, Typing, and Quantification of Campylobacter spp. in Foods of Animal Origin

“…This technique can be applied to almost all species of bacteria and other haploid organisms, including those difficult to culture, and for characterizing hypervariable genomes, such as that of Campylobacter spp. (Maiden and others ; Dingle and others ; Behringer and others ; Noormohamed and Fakhr ; Wei and others ).…”

“…strains from ducks, milk, chickens, pork, and beef (Strachan and others ; Stone and others ; Bianchini and others ; Carrique‐Mas and others ; Noormohamed and Fakhr ; Revez and others ; Wei and others ). This tool is commonly used to determine the STs of Campylobacter isolates as well as genotypes and genetic diversity (Strachan and others ; Stone and others ; Bianchini and others ; Revez and others ; Wei and others ; Vidal and others ) and for typing (Behringer and others ; Abley and others ; Egger and others ; Manfreda and others ; Pan and others ; Vinueza‐Burgos and others ). MLST can be applied to determine macrolide and quinolone resistance based on partial sequences of 23S rRNA and gyr A genes (Jonas and others ).…”

Epidemiological and Genomic Characterization of Campylobacter jejuni Isolates from a Foodborne Outbreak at Hangzhou, China

“…The CC354 strains in the public databases are mainly from the US and the UK (Figure 3), while the submitted isolates in other countries are scattered. However, CC354 is frequently associated with human clinical infections (47.9%) and poultry (30.7%) (http://pubmlst.org/campylobacter/), it has also been indicated from wild birds in Spain [20], ducks in South Korea [21] and from cattle and pig carcasses in Poland [22]. Large surveillance data on C. jejuni isolates from humans as well as various other animals could provide additional knowledge of disease ecology and host reservoirs, which might aid in source attribution for this particular outbreak.…”