Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of anaerobic bacteria at an Irish University Hospital over a ten-year period (2010–2020)

Recent Trends in Antimicrobial Resistance among Anaerobic Clinical Isolates

“…Veillonella spp. have high rates of penicillin resistance, ranging from 29 to 55%, except in Korea, where Buyn et al reported 100% of resistance (n = 11), in contrast to Ali et al, who reported no resistant strains in Ireland (n = 9) [ 17 , 19 , 21 , 22 , 27 , 28 ]. Among Veillonella spp., high levels of resistance to TZP (MIC ≥ 128 mg/L) were observed [ 17 , 21 , 22 ].…”

“…Among Prevotella spp., a slight increase in penicillin-resistant isolates was described in Belgium between 1993–1994 (52%) and 2011–2012 (65%), while a higher increase was observed in Bulgaria between 2003–2004 (15%) and 2007–2009 (61%) [ 13 , 25 ]. In recent studies, most isolates are resistant to penicillin, with a prevalence of 60–80% in European countries, except for Germany, where Wolf et al noted a lower rate (36%) [ 13 , 19 , 26 , 27 ]. Over the world, resistance rates were similar in the US (65%) and Canada (63.5%), while a higher resistance rate was noted in Korea (91%) [ 21 , 22 , 28 ].…”

“…However, most strains remain susceptible to BL/BLI combinations and carbapenems, except in Canada and Spain, where a few strains resistant to PTZ and AMC were reported [ 19 , 22 ]. Among Fusobacterium spp., the rate of resistance to penicillin range between 5 and 17%, while a higher prevalence was reported in Ireland (50%) [ 17 , 19 , 21 , 22 , 27 ]. BL/BLI combination and carbapenems still have excellent activity and only some resistant isolates have been sporadically reported [ 17 , 19 , 22 ].…”

“…In Gram-positive anaerobic bacteria, most isolates of Propionibacterium spp., Cutibacterium spp., Finegoldia magna , Peptoniphilus spp., Anaerococcus spp., and Parvimonas micra are susceptible to β-lactams [ 18 , 19 , 22 , 27 , 28 , 29 ]. Penicillin resistance in Peptostreptococcus anaerobius appears to be more common and ranges from 5 to 25%, although a higher rate of resistance to ampicillin has been reported in France by Guérin et al (55%, 5/11) [ 29 , 30 , 31 ].…”

“…In Clostridium spp., penicillin resistance is higher, varying between 11–30% worldwide, and only a few strains are resistant to BL/BLI combinations and carbapenems. C. perfringens exhibits a lower resistance rate, ranging from 0 to 5% [ 13 , 21 , 22 , 22 , 27 , 28 , 28 , 30 , 31 ]. In Eggerthella lenta , resistance to penicillin was commonly recovered (13–98%), while low susceptibility levels have been observed for TZP, with MIC 50 ranging between 16 and 32 mg/L [ 21 , 22 , 32 ].…”