The European committee on antimicrobial susceptibility testing disc diffusion susceptibility testing method for frequently isolated anaerobic bacteria

Matuschek, Erika; Copsey-Mawer, Sarah; Petersson, Sara; Åhman, Jenny; Morris, Trefor; Kahlmeter, Gunnar

doi:10.1016/j.cmi.2023.01.027

Cited by 15 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 18 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Hence, 0.1 ml of the 25 mg/ml concentration was used to prepare filter paper discs (antibiotic and guava extract) for further testing. The turbidity of the cultures was maintained according to the 0.5 McFarland standard, and the inoculum size was 1 X 10^8 cells [ 8 , 9 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Subsequently, 20 µl of guava extract was cautiously applied onto the antibiotic disc. The plates were incubated for 24 hours at 37°C, and the zone of inhibition was then measured in mm using a transparent ruler [9][10][11]. The antibiotics used included ofloxacin (OF) 2 mcg, cephalothin (CEP) 30 mcg, levofloxacin (LE) 5 mcg, ceftizoxime (CZX) 30 mcg, nitrofurantoin (NIT) 30 mcg, cefuroxime (CXM) 30 mcg, trimethoprim (TR) 5 mcg, cefotaxime (CTX) 30 mcg, amoxicillin-clavulanate (AMC) 30 mcg, norfloxacin (NX) 10 mcg, amikacin (AK) 30 mcg, and tobramycin (TOB) 10 mcg.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Susceptibility and Synergistic Effects of Guava Plant Extract and Antimicrobial Drugs on Escherichia coli

Mitra,

Bhesania Hodiwala,

Kar

2024

Cureus

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction Psidium guajava (guava) is a fruit plant of the Myrtaceae family. Guava roots, leaves, and fruits have traditionally been used to prevent and treat various infections. In the last few decades, there has been exponential growth in herbal medicine. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the susceptibility and synergistic properties of the antimicrobial activity of the aqueous leaf extract of guava and other antimicrobial drugs against Escherichia coli ( E. coli ). Methodology A prospective observational study was conducted at the Department of Microbiology, MGM Medical College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai, India, involving 180 urine samples collected from patients who exhibited symptoms of urinary tract infection (UTI). The aim was to evaluate in vitro synergism between leaf extracts of guava and antimicrobial drugs on uropathogenic E. coli , using minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the Kirby-Bauer method. The Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method was employed to determine the synergistic activity using Muller-Hinton agar (MHA), and the zone of inhibition was measured in millimeters. Results The study found that, of the 180 urine samples collected from patients with UTI, significant growth was observed in 93 samples, with the most notable increase seen in E. coli . The antibiotics tobramycin, ofloxacin, and amikacin, each showing a sensitivity of 76% and 70% respectively, were found to be the most sensitive. Conversely, cefuroxime and cephalothin, both at 76%, were the most resistant. Furthermore, the antibiotic sensitivity pattern of E. coli without guava extract demonstrated tobramycin (TOB) at 76.66%, followed by ofloxacin (OF) and amikacin (AK) at 70% each, levofloxacin (LE) at 63.33%, nitrofurantoin (NIT) at 53.33%, trimethoprim (TR) at 43.33%, cefotaxime (CTX) at 36.66%, ceftizoxime (CZX) at 30%, norfloxacin (NR) at 26.66%, cephalothin (CEP) at 23.33%, amoxicillin-clavulanate (AMC) at 20%, and cefuroxime (CXM) at 10%. In contrast, when the antibiotic sensitivity pattern of E. coli with guava extract was examined, the highest sensitivity was noted for OF (100%), followed by LE (96.66%), TOB (93.33%), AK (90%), NIT (76.66%), AMC and TR (66.66% each), CTX (60%), CZX (53.33%), CEP (50%), NX (43.33%), and CXM (26.66%). Therefore, Psidium guajava (guava) extract exhibited a synergistic effect when combined with antibiotics, most notably with ofloxacin. Conclusion The study revealed that the highest synergistic activity of guava plant leaf extract was with the antibiotic ofloxacin. This finding indicates that guava extract enhances the effectiveness of commonly used antibiotics for treating UTI, an effect mainly attributed to the flavonoid compounds and their derivatives in the guava leaf extract, which inhibit bacterial growth. This study demonstrated the...

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Susceptibility and Synergistic Effects of Guava Plant Extract and Antimicrobial Drugs on Escherichia coli

Mitra,

Bhesania Hodiwala,

Kar

2024

Cureus

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The agar well diffusion process was performed based on the suggestions of the European Committees for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Tests. [30] Briefly, McFarland 0.5 standard density inoculum was prepared from fresh cultures of microorganisms and inoculated on Mueller Hinton agar (MHA; for bacteria) and Saboraud dextrose agar (SDA; for yeast). Then, wells with a diameter of 6 mm were punched on the medium and the extract was dropped into the wells with a final concentration of 1000 μg.…”

Section: Agar Well Diffusion Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Sorbus torminalis Leaves: Unveiling a Promising Natural Resource for Diverse Chemical and Biological Applications

Ak,

Tüfekci,

Mustafa

et al. 2024

Chemistry & Biodiversity

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sorbus torminalis (L.) Crantz has a rich history of versatile applications spanning the fields of medicine and nutrition. It is noteworthy that the decoction obtained from S. torminalis leaves is a traditional treatment method against both diabetes and stomach disorders. Phytochemical profiling determined by HPLC/MS‐MS. The effects of the extracts on cell viability were investigated using the MTT (3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) method against MDA‐MB‐231 cell line (human breast adenocarcinoma).The ethanol/water extract contained more concentration of total phenolic (91.41 mg gallic acid (GAE) equivalent /gr) and flavanoid (29.10 mg rutin (RE) equivalent/gr) in the tested extract (p < 0.05). Resulting of HPLC analysis, the chemical constituents varied depending on the solvents and chlorogenic acid, hyperoside, isoquercetin, delphindin‐3,5‐diglucoside, procyanidin B2, epicatechin, neochlorogenic acid, 3,5‐dicaffeoylquinic acid were identified in all extracts. Overall, ethanol, n‐hexane and ethyl acetate extracts showed the highest inhibition for the tyrosinase enzyme. The effect of leaf extracts of S. torminalis on antimicrobial, biofilm inhibitory, and anticancer activities was examined. Based on outcomes of our study recognize this plant as a critical source of medically active chemicals for feasible phytopharmaceutical and nutraceutical applications, providing the first scientific insight into the detailed biological and chemical profiles of S. torminalis.

show abstract

“…The diameters of the antibacterial zones of Fuc and DFucs against S. aureus and E. coli were determined by the agar diffusion method [48]. Firstly, 100 µL bacterial suspension (10 6 CFU/mL) was aspirated onto the surface of LB agar plate and spread evenly, and then sterile blank filter papers were placed (diameter of 6 mm and thickness of 1 mm) on the plate.…”

Section: Antibacterial Zonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of UV/H2O2 Degradation on the Physicochemical and Antibacterial Properties of Fucoidan

He,

Zhu,

Deng

et al. 2024

Marine Drugs

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The applications of fucoidan in the food industry were limited due to its high molecular weight and low solubility. Moderate degradation was required to depolymerize fucoidan. A few studies have reported that fucoidan has potential antibacterial activity, but its antibacterial mechanism needs further investigation. In this study, the degraded fucoidans were obtained after ultraviolet/hydrogen peroxide treatment (UV/H2O2) at different times. Their physicochemical properties and antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were investigated. The results showed that the average molecular weights of degraded fucoidans were significantly decreased (up to 22.04 times). They were mainly composed of fucose, galactose, and some glucuronic acid. Fucoidan degraded for 90 min (DFuc-90) showed the strongest antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, with inhibition zones of 27.70 + 0.84 mm and 9.25 + 0.61 mm, respectively. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were 8 mg/mL and 4 mg/mL, respectively. DFuc-90 could inhibit the bacteria by damaging the cell wall, accumulating intracellular reactive oxygen species, reducing adenosine triphosphate synthesis, and inhibiting bacterial metabolic activity. Therefore, UV/H2O2 treatment could effectively degrade fucoidan and enhance its antibacterial activity.

show abstract

The European committee on antimicrobial susceptibility testing disc diffusion susceptibility testing method for frequently isolated anaerobic bacteria

Cited by 15 publications

References 18 publications

Susceptibility and Synergistic Effects of Guava Plant Extract and Antimicrobial Drugs on Escherichia coli

Susceptibility and Synergistic Effects of Guava Plant Extract and Antimicrobial Drugs on Escherichia coli

Exploring Sorbus torminalis Leaves: Unveiling a Promising Natural Resource for Diverse Chemical and Biological Applications

Effects of UV/H2O2 Degradation on the Physicochemical and Antibacterial Properties of Fucoidan

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About