Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Staphylococcus aureus&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; with Emphasize on Methicilin Resistance with Patients Postoperative and Wound Infections at Yekatit 12 Hospital Medical College in Ethiopia

Dilnessa, Tebelay

doi:10.11648/j.ajcem.20160401.12

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…In this study, MRSA isolates were showing higher resistance to tetracycline (72.3%), cotrimoxazole (43.1%), and erythromycin (29.2%). This was consistent with reports in Ethiopia [27] and elsewhere [7, 10]. The same isolate was highly sensitive to amikacin (100%), vancomycin (100%), clindamycin (96.9%), and gentamycin (94%) which is also in agreement with the research done in Tanzania [31] that reported 100% sensitivity to vancomycin and clindamycin, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…In the present study, the overall prevalence of S. aureus was 79 (49.7%) which was in agreement with the study done in Hatay, Turkey [9], Kumasi, Ghana [26], and Yekatit 12 Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia [27]. Studies conducted in Nepal [28] and Kenya [29] show higher prevalence than the present study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…In this study, vancomycin was 100% effective against both methicillin-resistant and -sensitive S. aureus . This was not in parallel with studies conducted in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia [27], DebreMarkos, Ethiopia [24], and Kumasi, Ghana [26] which reported the variable resistance of MRSA against vancomycin.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 75%

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Methicillin- and Inducible Clindamycin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureusamong Patients with Wound Infection Attending Arba Minch Hospital, South Ethiopia

Mama

Aklilu

Misgna

et al. 2019

International Journal of Microbiology

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Background. Wound infection is one of the most common hospital-acquired infections. Different bacteria cause infection, of whichStaphylococcus aureusis one of the known bacteria in causing infection with increased drug-resistant isolates.Objective. To assess the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of methicillin and inducible clindamycin-resistantStaphylococcus aureusamong patients with wound infections attending Arba Minch Hospital.Methods. A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from April to June 2017. A pretested questionnaire was used to collect demographic data and clinical characteristics. Wound swabs were cultured and identified by standard techniques. Antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed by the Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method. Methicillin resistance was detected using the cefoxitin (30 μg) antibiotic disc while inducible clindamycin resistance was detected by the D-zone test. The data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science, version 20.pvalue <0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results. A total of 161 patients were enrolled and a majority of them were female (90, 50.9%). Among the collected samples, 79 (49.7%) were positive forS. aureus; of this, methicillin resistance accounted for 65 (82.3%). Out of 22 (27.8%) erythromycin-resistant isolates, 19 (24.1%) showed inducible clindamycin resistance. Methicillin-resistantS. aureusshowed higher resistance against tetracycline (72.3%) followed by cotrimoxazole (43.1%) and 100% sensitivity to vancomycin. The overall prevalence of inducible clindamycin resistance among methicillin-resistant isolates was 16 (24.6%).Conclusion. The increasing prevalence of methicillin-resistantS. aureusand the coresistance against other therapeutic options like clindamycin is becoming an obstacle in the treatment of infections which need attention from concerned bodies.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

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Methicillin- and Inducible Clindamycin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureusamong Patients with Wound Infection Attending Arba Minch Hospital, South Ethiopia

Mama

Aklilu

Misgna

et al. 2019

International Journal of Microbiology

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“…The overall prevalence rate of Staphylococcus aureus was 28.95% which is commensurate to previous reports [13], but higher than the rates observed in India [14,15], Bangladesh [16], and Yaoundé [7]. In contrast, higher rates of prevalence were reported in Nigeria [17], Ethiopia [18,19,20,21], Congo [22], and Iran [23,24]. In the present study, the prevalence of MRSA was 13.16% while that of MSSA was 15.79%.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…In the present study, the prevalence of MRSA was 13.16% while that of MSSA was 15.79%. This is higher than the 5.26% reported in Peshawar, Pakistan [25] and lower than those in other previous reports [7,13,18,19,21]. This variation in the prevalence of MRSA could be attributed to differences in sample size, sample type and the laboratory procedures employed.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 58%

Prevalence and Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus in Patients Attending the Laquintinie Hospital Douala, Cameroon

Bissong¹,

Wirgham²,

Enekegbe³

et al. 2016

EJCBS

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Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major health problem worldwide. Diseases caused by these microorganisms most often are difficult to treat consequently, present with severe outcomes. Despite the increase association of MRSA in most hospital acquired infections, surveillance systems to control the spread of these infections are lacking especially in the developing countries. The present study is part of a major study developed to trail the incidence of multidrug resistant pathogens in clinical settings using available resources, with the aim to gather relevant data for the management and control of nosocomial infections. The specific objective of the current study is therefore to determine the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of MRSA isolates from one of the largest hospitals in the country. This was a hospital based cross sectional study involving 114 participants, conducted between March and June 2016. Various clinical specimens were inoculated on to blood agar and mannitol salt agar and incubated at 35-37°C aerobically for 18-24 hours for the isolation of S. aureus. Isolates were identified using the catalase and coagulase tests. Sensitivity testing was done using the Kirby Bauer disk diffusion method. Data were analysed using SPSS version 20.0. Out of 114 samples analysed, S. aureus was isolated from 33 (28.95%) while MRSA was detected in 15 (13.16%). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed high resistance (80-100%) to penicillins and no resistance to amikacin, lincomycin and ofloxacin. Multidrug resistance to at least three antibiotics was also observed among MRSA isolates. MRSA and multidrug resistant S. aureus are common in the study site. Therefore, there is a need for the improvement of surveillance systems to monitor and curb the spread of these resistant pathogens.

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The prevalence of vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Belete,

Gedefie,

Alemayehu

et al. 2023

Antimicrob Resist Infect Control

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Introduction Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, identified as a “high priority antibiotic-resistant pathogen” by the World Health Organization, poses a significant threat to human health. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Ethiopia. Methods This systematic review and meta-analysis was reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Studies that reported VRSA prevalence due to infection or carriage from human clinical specimens were extensively searched in bibliographic databases and grey literatures using entry terms and combination key words. Electronic databases like PubMed, Google Scholar, Wiley Online Library, African Journal Online, Scopus, Science Direct, Embase, and ResearchGate were used to find relevant articles. In addition, the Joanna Briggs Institute quality appraisal tool was used to assess the quality of the included studies. Stata version 14 software was used for statistical analysis. Forest plots using the random-effect model were used to compute the overall pooled prevalence of VRSA and for the subgroup analysis. Heterogeneity was assessed using Cochrane chi-square (I2) statistics. After publication bias was assessed using a funnel plot and Egger’s test, trim & fill analysis was carried out. Furthermore, sensitivity analysis was done to assess the impact of a single study on pooled effect size. Results Of the 735 studies identified, 31 studies that fulfilled the eligibility criteria were included for meta-analysis consisted of 14,966 study participants and 2,348 S. aureus isolates. The overall pooled prevalence of VRSA was 14.52% (95% CI: 11.59, 17.44). Significantly high level of heterogeneity was observed among studies (I2 = 93.0%, p < 0.001). The region-based subgroup analysis depicted highest pooled prevalence of 47.74% (95% CI: 17.79, 77.69) in Sidama region, followed by 14.82% (95% CI: 8.68, 19.88) in Amhara region, while Oromia region had the least pooled prevalence 8.07% (95% CI: 4.09, 12.06). The subgroup analysis based on AST methods depicted a significant variation in pooled prevalence of VRSA (6.3% (95% CI: 3.14, 9.43) for MIC-based methods, and 18.4% (95% CI: 14.03, 22.79) for disk diffusion AST method) which clearly showed that disk diffusion AST method overestimates the pooled VRSA prevalence. The total number of S. aureus isolates was found to be the responsible variable for the existence of heterogeneity among studies (p = 0.033). Conclusion This study showed an alarmingly high pooled prevalence of VRSA necessitating routine screening, appropriate antibiotic usage, and robust infection prevention measures to manage MRSA infections and control the emergence of drug resistance. Furthermore, mainly attributable to the overestimation of VRSA burden while using disk diffusion method, there is an urgent need to improve the methods to determine vancomycin resistance in Ethiopia and incorporate MIC-based VRSA detection methods in routine clinical laboratory tests, and efforts should be directed at improving it nationally. Trial Registration PROSPERO registration identification number: CRD42023422043.

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Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> with Emphasize on Methicilin Resistance with Patients Postoperative and Wound Infections at Yekatit 12 Hospital Medical College in Ethiopia

Cited by 7 publications

References 22 publications

Methicillin- and Inducible Clindamycin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureusamong Patients with Wound Infection Attending Arba Minch Hospital, South Ethiopia

Methicillin- and Inducible Clindamycin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureusamong Patients with Wound Infection Attending Arba Minch Hospital, South Ethiopia

Prevalence and Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus in Patients Attending the Laquintinie Hospital Douala, Cameroon

The prevalence of vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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