Antimicrobial resistance profile of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from raw cow milk and fresh fruit juice in Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia

Abstract

This study was conducted to evaluate drug resistance profile of Staphylococcus aureus in raw milk, fresh fruit juice and dairy farms settings of Mekelle, Tigray. A cross-sectional study was conducted on the total 258 samples of raw cow milk and fresh fruit juice. Antimicrobial resistance status was also checked for identified S. aureus using various commonly used antimicrobial discs. The overall viable staphylococcal count mean and standard deviation of samples from milk shop, fruit juice and dairy milk were found to be 8.86±107, 7.2 × 107, 8.65±107 cfu/ml, 33.87±106, 6.68±106 and 22.0±106, respectively. Among the total 258 samples, 75 (29.07%) samples were found positive for S. aureus. Proportion of the isolation from milk shop, fruit juice and dairy milk samples were 20 (23.26%), 32 (37.21%) and 23 (26.74%), respectively. Antimicrobial test of the high resistance revealed vancomycin (100%), ampicillin (90.9%). ciprofloxacin (90.9%), ceftaroline (63.6%), penicillin-G (81.8%) and clindamycin (72.7%) whereas they are highly susceptible to some antibiotics like gentamicin (100%), streptomycin (81.8%), norfloxacin (63.6%), chloramphenicol (81.8%), sulfamethoxazole (96%), kanamycin (72.7%), polymixin B (72.7%), erythromycin (72.7%) and tetracycline (81.8); also, some S. aureus also showed multi-drug resistance pattern. The present study, we isolated and determined the drug Resistance profile of S. aruesu in Mekelle city, Northern Ethiopia alarmingly, the S. aureus isolates circulating in the raw cow milk, fresh fruit juice and dairy milk. High level of S. aureus isolation from personnel and equipment besides food samples reveals that the hygiene practice is substandard. Prudent drug use and improved hygienic practice is recommended in the raw cow milk of dairy farms and fresh fruit juice to safeguard the public from the risk of acquiring infections and multiple drug resistance (MDR) pathogenic S. aureus.

Isolation and Identification of Staphylococcus aureus from Milk and Milk Products, Associated Factors for Contamination, and Their Antibiogram in Holeta, Central Ethiopia

“…is is comparable with the findings of [63] who reported a higher prevalence of multidrug-resistant S. aureus (60-70%) in raw milk of dairy cattle in India. e emergence of resistance to many drugs represents a public health hazard because food-borne outbreaks might be difficult to treat and the group of MDR S. aureus in the food supply represents a reservoir for communicable resistant genes [64]. is could be attributed to the erratic and extensive use of antibacterial drugs without prior antimicrobial susceptibility testing.…”

Antimicrobial Resistance Profile of Common Foodborne Pathogens Recovered from Livestock and Poultry in Bangladesh

“…However, it is also known as an opportunistic foodborne pathogen [ 58 ] that may cause several infectious diseases with different degrees of severity [ 56 ]. It causes numerous infections in humans and animals [ 59 ]. The presence of S. aureus in food products is an alarming and serious threat to public health in terms of food safety when it releases toxins and causes illness [ 60 ].…”

Milk Safety Assessment, Isolation, and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile of Staphylococcus aureus in Selected Dairy Farms of Mukaturi and Sululta Town, Oromia Region, Ethiopia

“…Lack of stringent regulation and monitoring in the dispensing and use of antimicrobials in the country also might contribute to the occurrence of high antimicrobial resistance to these drugs [11, 12]. Thus, due to the relatively limited access and high price to get the newly developed drugs (like cephalosporin and quinolone) the reports of prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant to relatively low priced and regularly available antibiotics are alarming for a low-income society living in most developing countries, like Ethiopia [38]. In the present study, multidrug resistance pattern of S. aureus isolate was reported.…”

“…The probable explanation is, S. aureus strains have the capacity to change their resistance behavior to the exposed antimicrobials. The emergence of resistance to many drugs represents public health hazard due to the fact that food borne outbreaks might be difficult to treat and the group of multidrug resistance S. aureus in food supply represents a reservoir for communicable resistant genes [38].…”