Antimicrobial resistance of <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Klebsiella</i> spp. conventionally sampled from factory-farmed chickens – clinical submissions

Abstract

Introduction. The article discusses the antimicrobial resistance of poultry-isolated bacteria in the Wielkopolska region of Poland. Materials and method. From August 2014 -June 2016, antibiotic resistance screening tests were performed involving 4,496 samples of Escherichia coli and 84 samples of Klebsiella spp., and the following antibiotics: amoxicillin, amoxicillin with clavulanic acid, colistin, doxycycline, enrofloxacin, florfenicol, neomycin, norfloxacin, spectinomycin, and trimethoprim with sulfamethoxazole. The research used broth the microdilution method and CLSI standards. Results. During the investigation period of 22 months a growing percentage of E. coli isolates showed antibiotic resistance to amoxicillin, amoxicillin with clavulanic acid, colistin, enrofloxacin, neomycin, norfloxacin, spectinomycin, and trimethoprim with sulfamethoxazole. Resistance to doxycycline and florfenicol decreased. The most efficient antibiotics against E. coli were colistin (84.64 %), neomycin (80.62 %), and amoxicillin with clavulanic acid (73.05 %). Klebsiella samples were the most susceptible to neomycin (85.71 %), colistin (84.52 %), and trimethoprim with sulfamethoxazole (73.81 %). Conclusions. Antibiotic resistance of pathogenic micro-organisms, such as Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp., is a serious problem both for poultry producers and for public health protection. Low efficiency of numerous antibiotic groups forces reflection on limiting the use of medicines in food-producing animals.

Identification and Antimicrobial Resistance in Klebsiella spp. Isolates from Turkeys in Poland between 2019 and 2022

“…isolated from turkeys ( Table 1 ). This is in line with the findings made by Majewski et al [ 28 ], who additionally reported similar susceptibility to trimethoprim-potentiated sulphonamides as a characteristic of approx. 70% of Klebsiella spp.…”

“…Our findings only diverge with respect to Klebsiella spp. susceptibility to florfenicol and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid in our own study, over 80% of the isolates exhibited antibiotic sensitivity ( Table 1 ), whereas Majewski et al [ 28 ] found only 10% and 38% of the strains to be sensitive to the two antimicrobials, respectively. It should be noted that the study by Majewski et al [ 21 ] concerned Klebsiella spp.…”

“…The available literature indicates that Klebsiella spp. are often found on poultry carcasses during and after slaughter [ 27 , 28 ]. In this case, the main source of contamination (including cross-contamination) is infection of birds during primary production and within the slaughterhouse itself.…”

“…isolated from chickens to be multidrug resistant, compared to 38.2% in our study. The discrepancies may also stem from the dissimilar periods of study (we noted significant differences over three consecutive years), the investigated poultry farming areas being distant from each other, and/or the production being managed on different systems [ 27 , 28 , 29 ].…”

Colistin resistance of non-pathogenic strains of Escherichia coli occurring as natural intestinal flora in broiler chickens treated and not treated with colistin sulphate

“…Similar data across experimental and control chicken groups were obtained for spectinomycin and florfenicol, where the values were 40% in the experimental group vs. 39.087% and 40% vs. 38.15%, respectively. A total of 60% of the isolates in both groups were classified as moderately susceptible to spectinomycin, 4% in the experimental group vs. 3.83% to norfloxacin, 24% vs. 44.16% to florfenicol, 52% vs. 11.89% to doxycycline, and 28% vs. 9.75% to amoxicillin with clavulanic acid (14).…”