Antimicrobial resistance in the subgingival microflora in patients with adult periodontitis

Abstract

The widespread use of antibiotics in Spain is reflected in the level of resistance of the subgingival microflora of adult patients with periodontitis.

Effect of tetracycline HCL (periodontal plus AB) on Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans levels in chronic periodontitis

“…The susceptibility of the different strains of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans varies according to geographic location also. It was found that 100% of subgingival Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans isolated from Spanish patients grew on tetracycline-containing agar plates versus 0% isolated from Dutch patients [20]. The present study definitively concludes that the strain of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans found in Indian population is susceptible to tetracycline.…”

Health from the Hive: Propolis as an Adjuvant in the Treatment of Chronic Periodontitis - A Clinicomicrobiologic Study

“…The clinical use of antibiotics and other antimicrobial agents, as adjuvants for the treatment of periodontitis, has been extensively investigated [4][5][6]. Recently, special attention has been paid to natural medication, and Indian propolis is one of them which has drawn the attention over a long period of time [7][8][9].…”

“…It alone, may fail to eliminate the pathogenic microflora because of their location within the gingiva or in areas inaccessible to periodontal instruments [3]. In view of the complex ecosystem within the subgingival pocket, the adjunctive use of antimicrobial agents have been advocated along with mechanical instrumentation to minimize the need for surgical treatment of pockets [4].…”

“…Local antimicrobial therapy has the advantage of providing effective concentration of the drug at the site of infection with minimal systemic load and low risk for the emergence of bacterial resistance [3][4][5]. The clinical use of antibiotics and other antimicrobial agents, as adjuvants for the treatment of periodontitis, has been extensively investigated [4][5][6].…”

Periodontal Disease and Gingival Innate Immunity – Who Has the Upper Hand?

“…Recently, a sub-antimicrobial dose doxycyline has been introduced where low doses are given to block matrix metalloproteinases (MMP), which are capable of degrading extracellular matrix proteins (Tuter, Kurtis et al 2007;Payne, Golub et al 2011). Yet, antibiotic treatment for periodontal disease still poses a risk of developing antibiotic-resistant periodontal bacteria in the subgingival plaque (van Winkelhoff, Herrera Gonzales et al 2000;Handal, Caugant et al 2003;Maestre, Bascones et al 2007;Ardila, Granada et al 2010). AMPs have several advantages as therapeutics, including the broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity and do not appear to induce antibiotic resistance.…”