Antimicrobial resistance in staphylococci from animals with particular reference to bovine Staphylococcus aureus, porcine Staphylococcus hyicus, and canine Staphylococcus intermedius

Abstract

-Besides their role as commensals on the skin and mucosal surfaces, staphylococci may be involved in a wide variety of diseases in animals. Staphylococcal infections in animals are mainly treated with antimicrobial agents and as a consequence, staphylococci from animal sources have developed and/or acquired resistance to the respective antimicrobial agents. Resistance statistics obtained from national monitoring programmes on staphylococci from cattle and pigs, but also from surveillance studies on staphylococci involved in diseases in dogs are reported and reviewed with regard to their comparability. This review mainly focusses on the genetic basis of antimicrobial resistance in staphylococci of animal origin. Particular attention is paid to resistance to those antimicrobial agents which are most frequently used in veterinary medicine, but also to antimicrobial agents, such as chloramphenicol and mupirocin, which are used in specific cases for the control of staphylococcal infections in pets and companion animals. In addition, plasmids and transposons associated with the respective resistance properties and their ways of spreading between members of the same or different staphylococcal species, but also between staphylococci and other gram-positive bacteria, are described.antimicrobial resistance / Staphylococcus / animal origin / epidemiology / horizontal gene transfer Vet. Res. 32 (2001) 341

Incidences and antimicrobial susceptibility profile of Staphylococcus species isolated from animals in different Qatari farms

“…The prevalence and degree of antimicrobial resistance in veterinary medicine are increasing worldwide (Werckenthin et al, 2001;SØrum and Sunde, 2001;Levy and Marshall, 2004). The dissemination of antimicrobial resistant staphylococci is presenting a challenge to both human and animal health professionals.…”

“…The coagulase-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus intermedius, and the coagulase-variable Staphylococcus hyicus are important pathogens in farm animals and are of particular importance as primary causes of specific diseases such as S. aureus (mastitis in ruminants, equine botryomycosis), S. intermedius (canine pyoderma) and S. hyicus (porcine exudative epidermitis) (Dwight et al, 2004). Although coagulase-negative staphylococci are usually of low virulence and mostly normal skin commensals, some occasionally cause disease in animals and man (Werckenthin et al, 2001;Stepanovic et al, 2001;Morris et al, 2006;Kaliwal et al, 2011).…”

Antibiotic Resistance in Staphylococcus Species of Animal Origin

“…It has also been reported to be involved in other diseases, such as pyometra, otitis externa and purulent infections of the joints, eyelids and conjunctiva (Werckenthin et al, 2001). Nowadays, a new classification was proposed by Devriese et al (2005), creating the S. intermedius group (SIG) including S. intermedius, a new specie S. pseudintermedius and S. delphini.…”

Antibiotic resistance of Staphylococcus-like organisms isolated from a recreational sea beach on the southern coast of the Baltic Sea as one of the consequences of anthropogenic pressure

“…The antibiotic resistance patterns of Staphylococcus from clinical samples have been extensively studied (Torimiro et al 2005, Stotts et al 2005; the study by Diep et al (2004) showed that an antibiotic-resistant strain of these pathogens, mainly MRSA, has significantly increased in recent years. According to Werckenthin et al (2001) antibiotic resistance is carried on plasmids and transposons, which can pass from one staphylococcal species to another.…”