Antimicrobial resistance and virulence traits of Enterococcus faecalis from primary endodontic infections

Lins, Renata Ximenes; Andrade, Aurimar de Oliveira; Hirata, Raphael; Wilson, Matthew; Lewis, Michael Alexander Oxenham; Williams, David Wynne; Fidel, Rivail Antônio Sérgio

doi:10.1016/j.jdent.2013.07.004

Cited by 76 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…In our study, susceptibility to antibiotics was assayed by the E-test method that provides easy handling, interpretation, and reliability [41]. E. faecalis isolates showed resistance of 14, 9 and 4.5% to tetracycline, ciprofloxacin and azithromycin, respectively, in agreement with previously reported results [12,[42][43][44]. Importantly, in this study we found 32% of the E. faecalis isolates with intermediate susceptibility to vancomycin that is an antibiotic recommended intravenously to treat a number of bacterial infections caused by resistant strains in hospitalized patients.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis in endodontic infections: antibiotic resistance profile and susceptibility to photodynamic therapy

et al. 2017

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Introduction Enterococcus faecium has become an important microorganism in nosocomial infections with great ability to acquire antibiotic resistance. However, little is known about their presence on the oral cavity. Therefore, our objective was to verify the presence of E. faecium and E. faecalis in endodontic infections and compare their susceptibility to conventional antibiotics and photodynamic therapy. Methods We performed 38 collections from the root canals of different patients. Positive Enterococcus agar samples were submitted to phenotypic and genotypic testing for speciesspecific confirmation. The isolates identified as E. faecium and E. faecalis were tested for susceptibility to antibiotics by the E-test method. After that, the isolates were evaluated for susceptibility to photodynamic therapy (PDT) using methylene blue and gallium arsenide aluminum laser with a wavelength of 660 nm and fluence of 39.5 J/cm 2 (energy of 15 J and time of 428 s).Results Cultures positive for E. faecalis were found in 22 patients (58%). Among these patients, only two had E. faecium in mixed infections with E. faecalis. In the isolates of E. faecalis, 27% were resistant to antibiotics, including tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, and azithromycin. The isolates of E. faecium showed no resistance to the antibiotics tested. Both the isolates of E. faecium and E. faecalis exhibit significant susceptibility to PDT, including the isolates resistant to antibiotics. The reductions achieved by PDT ranged of 2.76 to 4.31 log 10 for E. faecalis strains and of 3.93 to 4.33 log 10 for E. faecium strains. Conclusion E. faecium showed lower prevalence in endodontic infections and higher susceptibility to antibiotics when compared to E. faecalis. In in vitro assays, PDT had a significant antimicrobial activity for both strains.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis in endodontic infections: antibiotic resistance profile and susceptibility to photodynamic therapy

et al. 2017

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“…The high resistance of the microorganism to commonly applied disinfectants or inter-appointment medications [8] contributes to its high prevalence in primary and secondary endodontic infections [9], and has prompted a search for effective elimination methods [20,21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Once in a biofilm, pathogens are more resistant to antibiotics or antiseptic agents, and are able to withstand host-defense measures, such as antibody-mediated phagocytic killing, unlike those in planktonic forms [9,10]. There are numerous studies proving that different combinations of antiseptic agents in various solutions (chlorhexidine, calcium hydroxide, sodium hypochlorite) are not able to eradicate Enterococcus faecalis completely.…”

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confidence: 99%

Bactericidal Efficacy of Different Diode Laser Operation Modes Against Enterococcus faecalis Compared with Sodium Hypochlorite Irrigation

Grącka-Mańkowska¹,

Zarzycka²,

Pawlicka³

2016

Dent. Med. Probl.

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Microorganisms surviving in the root canal system despite the chemomechnical preparation are the main reason for reinfection and endodontic treatment failure [1]. Among them, Enterococcus faecalis is the most commonly isolated bacterium from teeth with periapical periodontitis with or without periodontal lesions [2][3][4]. Because of its ability to form intra-and extraradicular biofilms, AbstractBackground. Microorganisms surviving in the root canal system despite the chemomechanical preparation are the main reason for reinfection and endodontic treatment failure. The introduction of laser-assisted endodontics resulted in higher success rates and less recurrent infections. Objectives. To compare the antibacterial action of diode laser irradiation (CV -1500 W, IMP -3000 W), photoactivated disinfection (PAD), and 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) on Enterococcus faecalis in an infected tooth model. Material and Methods. Fifty freshly extracted bovine teeth with single canals were prepared to apical size 45° ISO, autoclaved and contaminated with Enterococcus faecalis. After a 48-hour incubation the specimens were randomly divided into four treatment groups and one control group (n = 10): Group 1 was irradiated with 1500 mW (continuous wave diode laser irradiation); Group 2 was irradiated with 3000 mW (impulse diode laser irradiation, 300 ms -pulse, 300 ms -pause); Group 3 was subjected to photo-activated disinfection and Group 4 was irrigated with a 5.25% NaOCl solution for 15 min. Group 5 was rinsed with saline solution (control). After treatment, the dentin samples were collected and the number of surviving bacteria was determined by classical quantitative microbiologic evaluation. Results. The differences in the mean number of the colony forming units (CFU/mg) between all the groups analyzed were statistically significant (p < 0.001). The highest number of microorganisms was observed in the control group (52.7 x 103 CFU/mg). Both diode laser applications resulted in a significant reduction in the number of E. faecalis cells: G1 -1.4 x 103 CFU/mg, G2 -4.2 x 103 CFU/mg, whereas in the group subjected to photo-activated disinfection the extent of reduction was significantly less (G3 -42.8 x 103 CFU/mg). Conclusions. The present study demonstrates that CW and pulse diode laser applications are both suitable for root canal disinfection, but do not eradicate all bacteria (Dent. Med. Probl. 2016, 53, 2, 216-221).

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“…Além disso, E. faecalis isolado de infecções endodônticas persistentes, mostrou resistência frente a EM e AZ (20% e 60%, respectivamente) 9 . Em desacordo, Lins et al 26 mostraram que cepas de E. faecalis foram sensíveis à EM. Os resultados apontam uma discordância na literatura que pode ser explicada pela resistência a determinados antibióticos derivada de mutações no DNA bacteriano 13,14,18 .…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Lins et al 26 27,28 . Entretanto, a literatura sugere que a VA deva ser empregada somente no tratamento de infecções graves, já que possui amplo espectro de ação, o que não condiz com a prática endodôntica em geral 1 .…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Avaliação da suscetibilidade antimicrobiana de bactérias anaeróbias facultativas isoladas de canais radiculares de dentes com insucesso endodôntico frente aos antibióticos de uso sistêmico

Santi

Barbosa-Ribeiro

Endo

et al. 2015

Rev. odontol. UNESP

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ResumoIntrodução: Bactérias associadas ao insucesso do tratamento endodôntico são capazes de adquirir e expressar resistência aos agentes antimicrobianos comumente empregados para tratar infecções, o que torna necessário, em determinadas situações, a realização de testes laboratoriais para detectar a resistência ou a suscetibilidade antimicrobiana desses micro-organismos. Objetivo: avaliar a suscetibilidade antimicrobiana das cepas de Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, Actinomyces viscosus e Staphylococcus aureus isoladas de canais radiculares de dentes com insucesso endodôntico. Material e método: Cepas clínicas de Enterococcus faecalis (n=3), Enterococcus faecium (n=3), Actinomyces viscosus (n=3) e Staphylococcus aureus (n=3), coletadas in vivo de canais radiculares com insucesso endodôntico, foram testadas quanto à suscetibilidade antimicrobiana por meio do método E-test em duplicata, utilizando os antibióticos: Amoxicilina (AC), Rifampicina (RI), Moxifloxacina (MX), Vancomicina (VA), Tetraciclina (TC), Ciprofloxacina (CI), Cloranfenicol (CL), Benzilpenicilina (PG), Amoxicilina + ácido clavulânico (XL), Doxiciclina (DC), Eritromicina (EM) e Azitromicina (AZ). Resultado: Todas as cepas clínicas testadas foram suscetíveis aos antibióticos AC, XL, PG, DC, MX, TC e VA. Todos os isolados das espécies de S. aureus foram suscetíveis aos 12 antibióticos testados. As cepas de E. faecalis, E. faecium e A. viscosus mostraram padrão de suscetibilidade intermediário contra EM. Algumas cepas de E. faecalis e E. faecium foram resistentes a AZ e RI. Conclusão: As cepas clínicas isoladas dos canais radiculares de dentes com insucesso endodôntico mostraram perfis diferentes de suscetibilidade antimicrobiana e nenhum isolado de E. faecalis e E. faecium apresentou-se suscetível a AZ e EM.Descritores: Endodontia; bactéria; antibióticos. AbstractIntroduction: Bacteria associated with failure endodontic treatment are capable of acquiring and expressing resistance against antimicrobial agents usually used to treat infections, which makes necessary, in some cases, laboratory tests in order to detect the resistance or antimicrobial susceptibility of these microorganisms. Objective: to evaluate the antimicrobial susceptibility of Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, Actinomyces viscosus and Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from root canals of teeth with failure endodontic treatment. Material and method: Enterococcus faecalis (n=3), Enterococcus faecium (n=3), Actinomyces viscosus (n=3) and Staphylococcus aureus (n=3) clinical strains collected in vivo from root-filled canals with failure endodontic treatment thad been their antimicrobial susceptibility tested by the E-test method in duplicate using the antibiotics: Amoxicillin (AC), Rifampicin (RI), Moxifloxacin (MX), Vancomycin (VA), Tetracycline (TC), Ciprofloxacin (CI), Chloranphenicol (CL), Benzilpenicillin (PG), Amoxicillin + clavulanic acid (XL), Doxycycline (DC), Erythromycin (EM) e Azithromycin (AZ). Result: all the clinical strains tested were susceptib...

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Antimicrobial resistance and virulence traits of Enterococcus faecalis from primary endodontic infections

Cited by 76 publications

References 55 publications

Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis in endodontic infections: antibiotic resistance profile and susceptibility to photodynamic therapy

Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis in endodontic infections: antibiotic resistance profile and susceptibility to photodynamic therapy

Bactericidal Efficacy of Different Diode Laser Operation Modes Against Enterococcus faecalis Compared with Sodium Hypochlorite Irrigation

Avaliação da suscetibilidade antimicrobiana de bactérias anaeróbias facultativas isoladas de canais radiculares de dentes com insucesso endodôntico frente aos antibióticos de uso sistêmico

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