Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence-Associated Markers in Campylobacter Strains From Diarrheic and Non-diarrheic Humans in Poland

Abstract

Campylobacteriosis is one of the most common causes of bacterial gastroenteritis. However, the clinical course of the illness varies in symptoms and severity. The aim of this study was to characterize Campylobacter jejuni (34 isolates) and C. coli (9 isolates) from persons with diarrheal and non-diarrheal stools at the time of examination and fecal sampling, in Poland by using whole-genome sequencing (WGS). Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) analysis revealed a high diversity with a total of 20 sequence types (STs) among 26 Campylobacter isolates from diarrheic and 13 STs among 17 isolates from non-diarrheic persons. ST-50 and ST-257 were most common in both groups. The phenotypic resistance rate was 74.4% for ciprofloxacin, 67.4% for sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, 58.1% for amoxicillin, 48.8% for tetracycline, and 46.5% for ceftriaxone. Only single isolates were resistant to erythromycin, gentamicin, and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid. Overall genotypic resistance toward amoxicillin, fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines, and aminoglycosides was predicted to occur in 93.1, 67.4, 48.8, and 11.6% of the isolates, respectively. None of the isolates showed the presence of the erm(B) gene or mutation in 23S rRNA. Neither was variation found in the important target region in L4 and L22 ribosomal proteins. In regard to the CmeABC efflux pump, a set of variable mutations affecting the regulatory region was noted. All Campylobacter isolates possessed genes associated with adhesion (cadF, jlpA, porA, and pebA) and invasion (ciaB, pldA, and flaC). The type IV secretion system (T4SS) was found in isolates from both diarrheic (15.4%, CI 95%: 6.1-33.5%) and non-diarrheic (23.5%, CI 95%: 9.6-47.3%) persons. The rates of the presence of cytolethal distending toxin cdtABC gene cluster and type VI secretion system (T6SS) were higher in Campylobacter isolates obtained from persons with diarrhea (96.2%, CI 95%: 81.7-99.3% and 26.9%, CI 95%: 13.7-46.1%) compared to isolates from

Genomic Characterisation of Campylobacter jejuni Isolates Recovered During Commercial Broiler Production

“…Notably, ST814-661 strains did not carry the complete cmeB gene that encodes a multidrug efflux pump, which may have contributed to reduced TET and fluoroquinolone resistance, despite the presence of tetO and gyrA T86I (Pumbwe and Piddock, 2002). Comparable levels of gyrA T86I carriage and CIP resistance concordance have also been previously reported (Wysok et al, 2020). While significant differences in the prevalence of genes associated with specific biological functions were identified between MLST types (Appendix S2), no COG categories were over-represented in ST48-48 as compared to ST257-257.…”

Whole Resistome Analysis in Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli Genomes Available in Public Repositories

“…Apart from multilocus sequence typing (MLST) schemes, based on the analysis of the sequence of several house-keeping genes, WGS also allows to predict relevant phenotypes, such as antibiotic resistance, in Campylobacter (Zhao et al, 2016). Moreover, recent studies have found high concordance between the presence of antimicrobial resistance determinants in WGS data and phenotypic resistance among Campylobacter isolates from Latvia (Meistere et al, 2019), England and Wales (Painset et al, 2020), and Poland (Wysok et al, 2020), supporting the use of WGS data as a good predictor for phenotypical antimicrobial resistance.…”

Prevalence, Detection of Resistance Genes and Antimicrobial Resistance of Campylobacter jejuni in Broilers in North Macedonia

“…In this study the presence of aadE gene was detected in 13,9% of the C. jejuni isolates. The literature review on this gene usually shows a low prevalence and in several published papers we noted low prevalence (Cantero et al, 2018;Obeng et al, 2012;Wysok et al, 2020;Du et al, 2018) with 6.3%, 0%, 0%, 0.8%, respectively.…”