Ordinary
textiles are very often malodorous and the origin of cross-infection.
Their microclimate, consisting of moisture, contaminants, and sweat,
provides favorable conditions for microbial growth. Therefore, simple
approaches of surface modification using functional materials are
widely adopted to introduce antibacterial properties. This study reports
a simple and low cost technique that renders cotton fabrics antibacterial.
Manganese (Mn)-doped photocatalytic titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles of ∼150 nm average diameter have been prepared
by sol gel and applied on textile fabrics using a silicone binder.
The treated fabrics displayed 100% reduction of Staphylococcus
aureus (Gram-positive) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (Gram-negative) populations within 120 min under sunlight, demonstrating
first order of reduction kinetics. Moreover, the functionalized fabrics
demonstrated complete degradation of a methylene blue (MB) dye adsorbed
on their surface, under both UV and visible light irradiation, turning
them white. A similar effect was observed when the treated fabrics
were immersed in a MB dye solution and subsequently irradiated. Here,
the cotton fabrics functionalized with Mn-doped TiO2 nanoparticles
were able to discolour the dissolved MB dye, demonstrating a water
purification effect. In addition, the modified fabrics were resistant
to several laundry cycles. Physical properties like mechanical strength,
color, breathability, and aesthetic of the treated cotton fabrics
remained unchanged. The modified cotton fabrics can be envisioned
as antibacterial, antiodorous, and self-cleaning textiles for sports,
medical uses, uniforms, fashion, home furnishing, and leisure activities.
Finally, the treated textiles were found to be biocompatible.