Antimicrobial efficacy of photodynamic therapy, diode laser, and sodium hypochlorite and their combinations on endodontic pathogens

Sarda, R.A.; Shetty, Raghavendra; Tamrakar, Abhishek; Shetty, Sunaina

doi:10.1016/j.pdpdt.2019.09.009

Cited by 40 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…They concluded that the potential application of this diode laser should not be a substitute for conventional treatment, but should be regarded as a possible adjunctive treatment [ 45 ]. This was also supported by more recent studies [ 46 ]. Sohrabi et al also noted that the use of a 980 nm laser system in a dry canal was significantly less effective than conventional chemomechanical treatment alone [ 47 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Systematic Review on the Role of Lasers in Endodontic Therapy: Valuable Adjunct Treatment?

et al. 2020

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(1) Background: Adjunctive instruments, such as lasers have been investigated to address the risk of failure of endodontic therapy due to the complexity of the root canal system. Lasers have been used therapeutically, in direct irradiation of the root canals or adjunct to irrigants placed into the canals, in combination with a photosensitizer (antimicrobial photodynamic therapy) and in pain management (photobiomodulation). The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the evidence in clinical use within these three areas of therapy. (2) Methods: PubMed, Cochrane and Scopus search engines were used to identify human clinical trials regarding the use of lasers in endodontic therapy. (3) Results: After applying the keywords and additional filters, inclusion and exclusion criteria, the initial number of 1486 articles was reduced to 17. It was revealed that almost all studies (14/17) presented a statistically significant improved outcome in laser-assisted endodontic therapy, with the remaining three not showing any adverse effects. (4) Conclusions: The use of laser photonic energy of appropriate delivered parameters can be proposed as useful adjunctive when considering optimal treatment modalities in orthograde endodontics. Additionally, a tendency of research towards pain modulation in this field is developing.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Systematic Review on the Role of Lasers in Endodontic Therapy: Valuable Adjunct Treatment?

et al. 2020

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“…Many wavelengths, different parameters, and either sole treatments or combined/adjunct approaches have been suggested, with varying reported success of bacterial reduction [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Laser Irradiation Settings, during Diode-Assisted Endodontics, on the Intraradicular Adhesion of Self-Etch and Self-Curing Luting Cement during Restoration—An Ex Vivo Study

Farmakis

Beer²,

Tzoutzas

et al. 2022

Materials

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Background: Diode-assisted endodontics is nowadays utilized for pulp space disinfection, but little is known on the bonding potential of this lased root dentin when the tooth is restored with an intracanal polymer post. Objectives: to investigate the influence of diode laser irradiation settings, in laser-assisted endodontics, on the intraradicular bonding of composite materials. Methods: Sixteen two-rooted, maxillary first premolars were collected, prepared up to F4 (Protaper Universal. Dentsply-Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland), and randomly assigned in two groups: group A (chopped mode or short pulse), diode irradiated according to protocol, pulse 25 ms, power 2.5 W, and group B (microchopped mode or ultrashort pulse), pulse 25 μs, peak power 12 W (both groups GentleRay. KaVo Dental, Biberach an der Riss, Germany). Buccal canals were irradiated, palatal ones served as controls. Canals were then obturated, post space was created in all canals, and quartz-fiber posts (ICE light Danville. Danville Materials, San Ramon, CA, USA) were cemented by self-etch self-curing cement (Max Cem Elite. Kerr, West Collins Orange, CA, USA) (Max Cem Elite. Kerr, Brea, CA, USA). A week later, teeth were sectioned horizontally in 1 mm increments. Push-out test was conducted in a Zwick testing machine (Zwick Roell, Ulm, Germany) at 1 mm/min speed, and the force required to dislodge the post from each specimen (F-max) was recorded. Weibull regression models were applied for statistical analyses. Results: Differences in F-max by group (control vs. chopped mode vs. microchopped mode) and height (meaning the apical-to-coronal position of each specimen along the root) were statistically significant (p < 0.05 in all cases). Conclusions: Short pulses (or chopped mode) had a profound positive effect on the quality of intraradicular bonding, while Ultrashort pulses (or microchopped mode) affected it negatively. In addition, apically positioned bonding proved weaker compared with more coronally located specimens.

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“…If there was no improvement in occlusal function or clinical symptoms, the treatment was regarded ineffective. The total effective rate was calculated as the percentage of significantly effective and effective outcomes[ 10 ]; (2) The periodontal status of the two groups was assessed before and after treatment, including PLI, MD, gingival SBI, periodontal PPD; (3) The levels of inflammatory factors IL-1β and IL-10 in the GCF were measured before and after treatment. A filter paper strip was cut into a rectangle (10 mm × 2 mm) and loaded into a microcentrifuge tube (0.5 mL).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of dental pulp periodontal therapy and conventional simple periodontal therapy as treatment modalities for severe periodontitis

Lü¹,

Chen²,

Liu³

et al. 2021

WJCC

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BACKGROUND Severe periodontitis is a major oral health concern today as it can lead to loss of teeth. Conventional periodontal therapy has numerous pitfalls as it does not address the pulp-periodontal complex in its entirety. AIM To investigate the effect of dental pulp periodontal therapy on the levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-10 in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in patients with severe periodontitis. METHODS Eighty-six patients with severe periodontitis were randomly divided into a research group ( n = 43) and a control group ( n = 43). The control group was treated with simple periodontal therapy, and the research group was treated with dental pulp periodontal therapy. The total effective rates of the treatments; periodontal status before and after treatment through the measurement of the periodontal pocket probing depth (PPD), gingival sulcus bleeding index (SBI), mobility (MD), and plaque index (PLI); the levels of inflammatory factors IL-1β and IL-10 in the GCF; and the incidence of complications were calculated for both groups and compared using the Student’s t test and the χ 2 test. RESULTS The total effective rate of treatment in the study group (93.02%) was higher than that in the control group (76.74%; P < 0.05). While before treatment, there was no significant difference in the PLI, MD, SBI, or PPD between the two groups, the post-treatment values of PLI, MD, SBI, and PPD (4.71 ± 0.16 mm, 0.61 ± 0.09 mm, 0.96 ± 0.17 mm, and 0.76 ± 0.26 mm, respectively) were significantly lower ( P < 0.05) in the research group than in the control group (5.35 ± 0.24 mm, 0.93 ± 0.15 mm, 1.35 ± 0.30 mm, and 1.04 ± 0.41 mm, respectively). There was no significant difference in the level of IL-1β or IL-10 in the GCF before treatment between the two groups; after treatment, the IL-1β level in the research group (139.04 ± 15.54 pg/mL) was significantly lower than that in the control group (156.35 ± 18.10 pg/mL), and the level of IL-10 in the research group (7.98 ± 1.01 ug/L) was higher than that in the control group (5.56 ± 0.96 ug/L) ( P < 0.05). The incidence of complications in the study group (4.65%) was significantly lower than that of the control group (18.60%; P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Endodontic therapy and periodontal treatment for patients with severe periodontitis can effectively reduce the levels of inflammatory factors in the GCF and the inflammatory reaction. In addition, it can improve the periodontal condition and the overall treatment effect, reduce the risk of complications, and ensure the safety of treatment.

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Antimicrobial efficacy of photodynamic therapy, diode laser, and sodium hypochlorite and their combinations on endodontic pathogens

Cited by 40 publications

References 29 publications

Systematic Review on the Role of Lasers in Endodontic Therapy: Valuable Adjunct Treatment?

Systematic Review on the Role of Lasers in Endodontic Therapy: Valuable Adjunct Treatment?

Influence of Laser Irradiation Settings, during Diode-Assisted Endodontics, on the Intraradicular Adhesion of Self-Etch and Self-Curing Luting Cement during Restoration—An Ex Vivo Study

Comparison of dental pulp periodontal therapy and conventional simple periodontal therapy as treatment modalities for severe periodontitis

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