Antimicrobial efficacy and biocompatibility of extracts from Cryptocarya species

Abstract

This study evaluated the efficacy of Cryptocarya spp extracts on biofilm of Candida albicans and its biocompatibility. Mature biofilm of C. albicans was formed on denture base acrylic resin samples and the fungicidal effect of the extracts was evaluated by Alamar Blue® assay, counting colony-forming units (CFU/mL) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Cytotoxicity of extracts from Cryptocarya species was evaluated by AlamarBlue® assay, using normal oral keratinocytes (NOK) cells. In additional, Analysis of plant extracts by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–diode array detector–tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-DAD-MS) was performed. The results showed significant reduction in the cellular metabolism and in the number of CFU/mL of C. albicans (p<0.05). The concentration of 0.045 g/mL completely inhibited the number of CFU/mL. Regarding cytotoxicity, all extracts decreased cell viability compared to the control group. CLSM analysis showed predominance of live cells, but with a great difference between the groups. Antimicrobial activity of extracts from Cryptocarya on C. albicans biofilm was confirmed. However, all extracts showed toxicity on NOK cells.

The Genus Cryptocarya: A Review on Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Activities

“…As a consequence, plant extracts, isolated compounds, and essential oils from this genus have also drawn much interest in pharmacological studies. In brief, Table 3 is to compile the pharmacological values of Cryptocarya constituents, including cytotoxic, [2,4,7,41,43,52,58,66,71,72,75,76,79,80,83,86-89,91-94, 110,117,118] anti-inflammatory, [5,74,81,109,[119][120][121] antioxidative, [44,50,73,107,108,121,122] antimicrobacterial, [12,58,67,92,107,112,115,123,124] antiviral, [4,43,90] antiinsect, [53,77,106,112,125] antiprotozoal, [7,44,65,71,110] antidiabetic, [11,49,50] and other activities. [88,121,126,127] In vitro 69 % Glucose uptake in CHOÀ K1/GLUT4 cells 167…”

“…[118] Pdcd4 (programmed cell death 4) is classified as a novel tumor suppressor protein that can inhibit transformation, migration, and invasion of cancer cells. [72] Pdcd4-stabilizing activity of serial new α-pyrones cryptocaryols A-H (118)(119)(120)(121)(122)(123)(124)(125) was associated with the EC 50 values of 1.3-4.9 μM, when rapamycin was used as a standard (EC 50 0.05 μM). [72] Three phenolics dihydrosinapyl ferulate (333), 9,9'-Odi-feruloyl-(À )-secoisolariciresinol (342), and rhusemialin A (348) were the next tested cytotoxic agents, by which they were associated with the IC 50 values of 3.5-35.74 μM against HL-60, SMMC-7721, A-549, MCF-7, and SW-480 cancer cell lines.…”

“…At 0.0045 g/mL, the 70 % ethanol extracts of C. moschata leaf and fruit, and C. mandioccana leaf and fruit completely inhibited a number of colony‐forming units (CFUs/mL) of Candida albicans [124] . The methanol extract of C. alba fruit induced inhibition of multidrug‐resistant bacteria S. aureus ATCC 25923, S. aureus NEM 449, and P. aeruginosa NEM 986 with the IC 50 values of 0.553, 0.557, and 0.778 mg/mL, respectively [123] .…”