Antimicrobial Drug Resistance Pattern of <i>Escherichia coli</i> Isolated from Chickens Farms with Colibacillosis Infection

Abstract

Colibacillosis refers to any localized or systemic infection caused entirely or partly by avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC). Colibacillosis in mammals is most often a primary enteric or urinary tract disease, whereas colibacillosis in poultry is typically a localized or systemic disease occurring secondarily when host defenses have been impaired or overwhelmed by virulent E. coli strains. The purpose of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial drug resistance pattern of Escherichia coli isolated from broiler chickens farms with colibacillosis infection. Dead birds from commercial broiler chicken farms showing signs of colibacillosis were necropsied and swab samples were collected from internal organs and blood aseptically for the isolation of Escherichia coli. Pure colonies of the bacteria were isolated on solid media and the isolates were identified as E. coli based on morphological and biochemical characteristics. For determination of susceptibility to antibacterial agents, the disc diffusion method on Muller-Hinton agar was used. The following antimicrobial agents were tested: gentamycin, oxytetracyline, colistin, ciprofloxacin, doxycycline, nalidixic acid, co-trimoxazole (trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole), norefloxacin, lincospectin and cefuroxime. The drug resistance patterns of the organisms were determined as a percentage and reported at three levels: susceptible, intermediate and resistant. All the isolates of Escherichia coli showed resistance to several antibiotics and a pattern of multiple drug resistance was observed. The highest rate of resistance was observed against nalidixic acid (100%) and the least rate of resistance was observed against gentamycin (17%). According to the results of this research care must be taken to avoid secondary infection (colibacillosis) in chicken farms and also avoid in careless antimicrobial consumption in food animals including chickens.

Molecular Characterization of Some Bacteria Isolated from Broiler Chickens Showing Respiratory Manifestations

“…In this study, the percentage of papC gene was 10% which is lower than the result obtained by (Rocha et al, 2008) (Olayinka et al, 2009) who reported that P. aeruginosa showed resistance to ciprofloxacin and chloramphenicol at a percentage of 90.2% and 97.8%, respectively but higher than that reported by (Akingbade et al, 2012) (Moniri and dastehgoli, 2007) who reported that E. coli showed resistance to ciprofloxacin at a percentage of 69.7% but higher than that reported by (Miles et al, 2006) who found that E. coli showed resistance to ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin and and ofloxacin at a percentage of 11.8%, 20.6% and 14.7%, respectively and this higher resistance may be due to frequent using of the same antibiotic in treatment which lead to resistance to this antibiotic but lower than that reported by (Jahantigh and Reza, 2015) who said that E. coli isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin at a percentage of 91% and 88%, respectively.…”

Antimicrobial Resistance in Bacterial Poultry Pathogens: A Review

“…Two studies reported the MIC distribution of investigated strains ( 33 ). A study on 100 APEC strains from Iran reported 99% resistant strains against colistin using the disk diffusion test ( 28 ), but it is not clear what breakpoints were used. In addition, colistin resistance cannot be reliably estimated using disk sensitivity tests ( 37 ).…”

Antimicrobial resistance and prevalence of tetracycline resistance genes in Escherichia coli isolated from lesions of colibacillosis in broiler chickens in Sistan, Iran

“…Some of these agents, such as avilamycin, avoparcin, flavomycin, monensin, and salinomycin, have also been used in a few countries to increase chick growth rates [1]. The high consumption of antibiotics by livestock is a global problem that can increase the antibiotic resistance of human and animal bacteria such as Escherichia coli [4][5][6]. Antibiotic resistance in poultry bacteria and transfer of this acquired ability to human bacteria can disrupt the treatment of human infections [4].…”