Antimicrobial and antiviral properties of different types of propolis

Abstract

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Growth Biocontrol of Foodborne Pathogens and Spoilage Microorganisms of Food by Polish Propolis Extracts

“…Propolis is a natural mixture of resin substances collected by bees [12]. From ancient times, humans have been using propolis in various fields, primarily in traditional medicine; thus, it is well-known worldwide as a natural product improving health status and preventing diseases [13,14,15]. The pharmacological effect of propolis stems from its chemical composition.…”

“…According to Bankova [22] the following propolis types can be distinguished by plant origin and propolis chemical composition: Poplar propolis, Birch propolis, green (Alecrim) propolis, red ( Clusia ) propolis, Pacific propolis, and Canarian propolis. Propolis types are characterized by differing chemical composition, which determines their biological properties [14,22]. Algerian propolis demonstrates remarkable activity against foodborne pathogens, including Gram-positive bacteria Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus , and Korean propolis demonstrates strong inhibitory activity, in particular to vegetative cells of B. cereus .…”

Confirmation of an Inverse Relationship between Bioaerosol Count and Influenza-like Illnesses, Including COVID-19. On the Contribution of Mold Spores

“…By direct means, they might produce substances that limit viral propagation or they might complex with viruses, limiting viral infectivity. 13,14 But if direct antiviral activity is an attribute of the bioaerosols themselves, then one would not expect, a priori , significant disparity between individual susceptibilities to severe flu or COVID-19. 15,16 As indirect means, others have proposed pollens stimulate the human immune system in such a way as to either potentiate endogenous antiviral activity or elicit a protective allergic response.…”

The use of pullulan coatings with propolis extract to extend the shelf life of blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum) fruit

“…Bees use this material to coat any internal elements of the hive, to seal holes in honeycombs and to embalm the dead bodies of small mammals (Wojtyczka et al ., 2012; Sforcin, 2016). Moreover, propolis is a product of plant origin, and its chemical composition depends on the place of harvest; therefore, it is characterised by significant chemical diversity (Pobiega et al ., 2017). In addition, propolis is known for its biological properties and exhibits antifungal, antibacterial, antiviral, antitumor, cytostatic, anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant, hepatoprotective and immunostimulatory activities (De Araújo et al ., 2015).…”